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  2. Wood preservation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_preservation

    Apart from structural wood preservation measures, there are a number of different chemical preservatives and processes (also known as timber treatment, lumber treatment or pressure treatment) that can extend the life of wood, timber, and their associated products, including engineered wood. These generally increase the durability and resistance ...

  3. Copper naphthenate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_naphthenate

    This preservative is also used for remedial treatments to in-service poles including internal/external surfaces at ground or below ground level via brush/trowel, mechanical injection, or bandage wrap. Wood treated with copper naphthenate is specified for exterior above ground, ground contact, below ground and fresh water contact use applications.

  4. Chromated copper arsenate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromated_copper_arsenate

    Like other copper-based wood preservatives, it imparts a greenish tint to treated timber. CCA was invented in 1933 by Indian chemist Sonti Kamesam , and patented in Britain in 1934. It has been used for timber treatment since the mid-1930s, [ 1 ] and is marketed under many trade names.

  5. ISPM 15 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISPM_15

    A photo of the IPPC seal on a wine shipping crate. International Standards For Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15) is an International Phytosanitary Measure developed by the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) that directly addresses the need to treat wood materials of a thickness greater than 6mm, used to ship products between countries.

  6. Thermally modified wood - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermally_modified_wood

    This process is similar to the Les Bois Perdure treatment in that it uses a steam environment at atmospheric pressure to treat the wood. However, this process can also be used on "green" wood and was the most widely used commercial process as of 2004. [5] [10] Genuine industrial scale ThermoWood process was developed in Finland in 1990's.

  7. Mortgage and refinance rates for Jan. 9, 2025: Average rates ...

    www.aol.com/finance/mortgage-and-refinance-rates...

    Average mortgage rates tick higher as of Thursday, January 9, 2024, with the 30-year fixed benchmark continuing to hover above 7.00%. Despite three back-to-back interest cuts from the Federal ...

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  9. Conservation and restoration of wooden artifacts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_and...

    Consolidation can also refer to the treatment of painted wood surfaces. Because of the complicated nature of wood as a material, consolidation of paint on a wooden artifact must be carefully undertaken. As wood expands and contracts with fluctuations in temperature and humidity, damages can occur to paint on the wood's surface.