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The choice of medications may differ depending on the bipolar disorder episode type or if the person is experiencing unipolar or bipolar depression. [ 17 ] [ 143 ] Other factors to consider when deciding on an appropriate treatment approach includes if the person has any comorbidities, their response to previous therapies, adverse effects, and ...
Lamotrigine is considered a first-line agent for the treatment of bipolar depression. It is effective in preventing the recurrence of both mania and depression, but it has not proved useful in treating acute mania. [2] Zonisamide (trade name Zonegran), another anti-convulsant, also may show promise in treating bipolar depression. [18]
Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder. The single most telling symptom of bipolar disorder is the episodic oscillation between high and low mood states — characteristic shifts between depression, normal ...
Unipolar mania is a form of bipolar disorder whereby individuals only experience manic episodes without depression. [1] Depression is often characterised by a persistent low mood, decreased energy and thoughts of suicide. [ 2 ]
Mood disorders fall into seven groups, [2] including; abnormally elevated mood, such as mania or hypomania; depressed mood, of which the best-known and most researched is major depressive disorder (MDD) (alternatively known as clinical depression, unipolar depression, or major depression); and moods which cycle between mania and depression ...
The risk factors [110] for treatment resistant depression are: the duration of the episode of depression, severity of the episode, if bipolar, lack of improvement in symptoms within the first couple of treatment weeks, anxious or avoidant and borderline comorbidity and old age. Treatment resistant depression is best handled with a combination ...
In contrast with unipolar depression, there is a wide body of evidence that sleep deprivation may be useful in the treatment of bipolar depression. A meta analysis of 90 articles found that combining total sleep deprivation and pharmacological intervention significantly increased the antidepressant effects in patient with bipolar depression ...
Several treatment guidelines recommend pharmaceutical treatments that include either the combination of a second-generation antidepressant and atypical antipsychotic or tricyclic antidepressant monotherapy or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as the first-line treatment for unipolar psychotic depression. [13] [14] [15] [16]
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