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'World Conference on Scientific Yoga', 1970. From left: Swami Satchidananda, B.K.S. Iyengar, Amrit Desai, Kumar Swami, Dhirendra Brahmachari, and Dr B.I. Atreya In the 19th century, the Bengali physician N. C. Paul began the study of the physiology of yoga with his 1851 book Treatise on Yoga Philosophy, noting that yoga can raise carbon dioxide levels in the blood (hypercapnia).
The Dattātreyayogaśāstra is the first text to describe and teach yoga as having three types, namely mantra yoga, laya yoga, and hatha yoga. All three lead to samadhi , the goal of raja yoga . Mantra yoga consists simply of repeating mantras until powers ( siddhis ) are obtained.
According to verses 3.14 to 3.16, Yoga is essential for the light of knowledge to be lit, and the Atman (soul) is the lamp inside one's body. [8] The precepts and guidance of a Guru (teacher) is essential for mastering Kundalini yoga and to cross the ocean of worldly existence, state verses 3.17 to 3.18.
The kriya yoga part is contained in chapter 1, chapter 2 sutras 1–27, chapter 3 except sutra 54, and chapter 4. [2] The "eight limb yoga" is described in chapter 2 sutras 28–55, and chapter 3 sutras 3 and 54. [2] There are numerous parallels in the ancient Samkhya, Yoga and Abhidharma schools of thought, particularly from the 2nd century ...
The purpose of yoga is moksha, liberation and hence immortality in the state of samadhi, union, which is the meaning of "yoga" as described in the Patanjalayayogasastra. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] This is obstructed by blockages in the nadis, which allow the vital air, prana , to languish in the Ida and Pingala channels.
David Gordon White notes that "'Yoga' has a wider range of meanings than nearly any other word in the entire Sanskrit lexicon." [55] In its broadest sense, yoga is a generic term for techniques aimed at controlling body and mind and attaining a soteriological goal as specified by a specific tradition:
Gheranda Samhita is a step by step detailed manual of yoga taught by sage Gheranda to student Chanda. [14] Unlike other hatha yoga texts, the Gheranda Samhita speaks of a sevenfold yoga: [15] [16] Shatkarma for body cleansing; Asana for body strengthening; Mudra for body steadying; Pratyahara for mind calming; Pranayama for inner lightness ...
The Sushruta Samhita (Sanskrit: सुश्रुतसंहिता, lit. 'Suśruta's Compendium', IAST: Suśrutasaṃhitā) is an ancient Sanskrit text on ...