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  2. Rational animal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_animal

    While the Latin term itself originates in scholasticism, it reflects the Aristotelian view of man as a creature distinguished by a rational principle.In the Nicomachean Ethics I.13, Aristotle states that the human being has a rational principle (Greek: λόγον ἔχον), on top of the nutritive life shared with plants, and the instinctual life shared with other animals, i. e., the ability ...

  3. Moral status of animals in the ancient world - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_status_of_animals_in...

    Nevertheless, he denied animals rationality and moral equality. "Plants are created for the sake of animals," he wrote, "and animals for the sake of men." [8] Aristotle argued that humans were the "masters" in his created hierarchical structure based upon their rational powers. [7]

  4. Rationality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rationality

    The meaning of the terms "rational" and "irrational" in academic discourse often differs from how they are used in everyday language. Examples of behaviors considered irrational in ordinary discourse are giving into temptations , going out late even though one has to get up early in the morning, smoking despite being aware of the health risks ...

  5. Animal rights - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_rights

    Animal rights is the philosophy according to which many or all sentient animals have moral worth independent of their utility to humans, and that their most basic interests—such as avoiding suffering—should be afforded the same consideration as similar interests of human beings. [2]

  6. Argument from marginal cases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_marginal_cases

    A related counterargument from Roderick Long is that a being can obtain moral agency by developing a rational capacity, and from there on has full moral agency even if this capacity is lost or diminished: That is why a cow has no rights, though a human being reduced to the mental level of a cow does have them.

  7. On Abstinence from Eating Animals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Abstinence_from_Eating...

    Porphyry's main argument is that there is a moral obligation to extend justice to animals because they are rational beings. [6] To support his conjecture, Porphyry argues that because animals have similar anatomy, psychology, and pathology to humans, it is not unreasonable to infer that they would also be similar in their capacity for reason.

  8. Is it ethical to use animals as organ farms for humans? - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/ethical-animals-organ-farms...

    Animals aren’t toolsheds to be raided but complex, intelligent beings,” a spokesperson from People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals said. Others question the ethics of creating a class ...

  9. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwork_of_the...

    Kant begins his new argument in Section II with some observations about rational willing. All things in nature must act according to laws, but only rational beings act in accordance with the representation of a law. In other words, only rational beings have the capacity to recognize and consult laws and principles in order to guide their actions.