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The medal of the award is a bronze disc 1 + 3 ⁄ 8 in (35 mm) in diameter. On the obverse of the medal is the Department of the Army Seal encircled by a laurel wreath. The reverse contains the inscription in five lines FOR DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY MERITOROUS CIVILIAN SERVICE—TO, while the lower edge contains a laurel wreath, extending up to the inscription.
Section 8 was a category of military discharge employed by the United States Armed Forces which was used for servicemembers judged mentally unfit for service. The term "Section 8" eventually came to mean any service member given such a discharge, or behaving as if deserving such a discharge, as in the expression, "he's a Section 8".
A similar one is issued to someone granted a general discharge (DD 257). For each certificate, one or more letters after the number indicate the branch of service that issued it. For example, a "256A" is awarded by the Army. Other certificates for long service, or to eligible spouses of veterans, may also be presented. [34]
The United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (in case citations, C.A.A.F. or USCAAF) is an Article I court that exercises worldwide appellate jurisdiction over members of the United States Armed Forces on active duty and other persons subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. The court is composed of five civilian judges ...
A convicted service member may submit a request for leniency to the convening authority prior to the convening authority's approval of the court-martial sentence. Each military service and the Coast Guard has a Court of Criminal Appeals, which is composed of panels of three appellate military judges: Army Court of Criminal Appeals
This is a list of Supreme Court of the United States cases in the areas of military justice, national security, and other aspects of war. This list is a list solely of United States Supreme Court decisions about applying law related to war.
A letter of reprimand may be issued in lieu of punishment under Article 15 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. A formal letter of reprimand is placed in the service member's permanent personnel record. In the US Navy, a letter of reprimand can only be given as a result of non-judicial punishment or a court-martial conviction. [citation needed]
A court-martial (plural courts-martial or courts martial, as "martial" is a postpositive adjective) is a military court or a trial conducted in such a court. A court-martial is empowered to determine the guilt of members of the armed forces subject to military law, and, if the defendant is found guilty, to decide upon punishment.