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Torticollis is a fixed or dynamic tilt, rotation, with flexion or extension of the head and/or neck. The type of torticollis can be described depending on the positions of the head and neck. [1] [3] [4] laterocollis: the head is tipped toward the shoulder; rotational torticollis: the head rotates along the longitudinal axis towards the shoulder [5]
To further classify spasmodic torticollis, one can note the position of the head. Torticollis is the horizontal turning (rotational collis) of the head, and uses the ipsilateral splenius, and contralateral sternocleidomastoid muscles. This is the "chin-to-shoulder" version. Laterocollis is the tilting of the head from side to side.
Benign paroxysmal torticollis disappears in the early years of life with no medical intervention. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] However, some cases of benign paroxysmal torticollis cases can evolve into benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood , migrainous vertigo or typical migraines .
People may complain of neck pain, after years of chronic head tilting (ocular torticollis), but this is also encountered in children. [ 4 ] Congenital fourth nerve palsy can affect reading comprehension (and concentration during other near tasks) due to the increased vertical fusional demands and head tilting required to maintain single vision ...
Symptoms and signs [ edit ] Most branchial cleft cysts present in late childhood or early adulthood as a solitary, painless mass, which went previously unnoticed, that has now become infected (typically after an upper respiratory tract infection ).
[5] [11] Symptoms may present as early as infancy, with typical contractures and hyperlaxity of joints; however, in some patients, symptoms may go unnoticed until adolescence or adulthood. [11] Serum creatine kinase (CK) is usually normal to mildly elevated (<5×).
These symptoms proved to be the making of a new dystonic reaction, which was termed pleurothotonus or Pisa syndrome. [11] The first patient, a 59-year-old woman with no family history of neuroleptic disease, was put through two periods of treatment with methylperone. The first trial of the drug was administered in February 1971.
This is technically over the supraspinatus muscle and not in the neck, but it is still called “neck” pain. The cause of this shoulder/neck pain is thought to be due to sleeping with the arm overhead at night in a position causing impingement of the rotator cuff tendon in the shoulder, which is attached to the supraspinatus muscle [ 4 ] .