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Black spruce stand at Arctic Chalet, Inuvik, NT Spruce-pine-fir (SPF) is a classification of lumber that can be traded on commodities exchanges.. In Canada, and parts of the United States, most of the spruce tree species, pine tree species, and fir tree species share similar physical and mechanical characteristics, to the point where lumber derived from any of these species are interchangeable ...
From the data collected one can calculate the number of trees per acre, the basal area, the volume of trees in an area, and the value of the timber. Inventories can be done for other reasons than just calculating the value. A forest can be cruised to visually assess timber and determine potential fire hazards and the risk of fire. [2]
Growth and yield of balsam fir and black spruce in Quebec. Department of Forestry and rural development, Forest Research Laboratory, Quebec Region, Information Report Q-X-2, 58p. Boudoux's empirical yield tables: Stand yield model: Quebec: Boreal, Great Lakes-St.Lawrence: Eastern SPF: Even-aged: Unmanaged stands: 2, 5 No No: Boudoux,M. 1978.
) SDI of 277 for lodgepole pine and 416 for subalpine fir. This meant 277 lodgepole pines at 10 inches (250 mm) diameter at DBH per acre in western Oregon on a typical site. However, if a mixed stand was wanted, which is most likely to reduce risk of bark beetles or some other disturbance, then adjustments need to be made to the SDIs. This can ...
Finished lumber is supplied in standard sizes, mostly for the construction industry – primarily softwood, from coniferous species, including pine, fir and spruce (collectively spruce-pine-fir), cedar, and hemlock, but also some hardwood, for high-grade flooring. It is more commonly made from softwood than hardwoods, and 80% of lumber comes ...
Site index is a term used in forestry to describe the potential for forest trees to grow at a particular location or "site". Site is defined as "The average age of dominate and/or codominate trees of an even-aged, undisturbed site of intolerant trees at a base age"; [1] furthermore, the word site is used in forestry to refer to a distinct area where trees are found. [2]
Major stands of southern Appalachian spruce–fir forest. The southern Appalachian spruce–fir forest consists of several stands covering a combined area of between 60,000 and 70,000 acres (24,000 and 28,000 ha), [2] [6] although less conservative estimates have placed the forest's coverage at around 90,000 acres (36,000 ha). [7]
Dense red spruce forest in its native habitat at the summit of Spruce Knob, West Virginia. Red spruce grows at a slow to moderate rate, lives for 250 to 450+ years, and is very shade-tolerant when young. [12] It is often found in pure stands or forests mixed with eastern white pine, balsam fir, or black spruce.