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The Neo-Babylonian Empire under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II occupied the Kingdom of Judah between 597–586 BCE and destroyed the First Temple in Jerusalem. [3] According to the Hebrew Bible, the last king of Judah, Zedekiah, was forced to watch his sons put to death, then his own eyes were put out and he was exiled to Babylon (2 Kings 25).
Meaning: Consequences Ebedmelech, 4 Baruch destruction of the 1st temple 66 years in the shade of a tree return from the exile of death transition from sorrow to joy Ebedmelech, Captivity destruction of the 1st temple 70 years under a rock return from the exile in Babylon transition from sorrow to joy Honi, Jerusalem Talmud
Speculation abounds as to the reasoning for Cyrus' release of the Jews from the Babylonian captivity. One argument is that Cyrus was a Zoroastrian—a follower of the religion that defined and played a dominant role in Persian society until the rise of Islam—and would have felt a kindred spirit with the people of Judaism.
In 586 BCE, Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II captured Jerusalem, destroyed the Temple of Solomon, and deported the elite of the population to Babylon (the "Babylonian exile"). [4] In 539 BCE, Babylon fell to the Persian conqueror Cyrus , and in 538 BCE, the exiles were permitted to return to Yehud Medinata , a Judean province of the Persian ...
In Jeremiah 39–40, the "poor people, who had nothing", [2] who remained in Judah when the rest of its population were deported to Babylon, are referred to as a "remnant". [3] The post-exilic biblical literature (Ezra–Nehemiah, Haggai and Zechariah) consistently refers to the Jews who have returned from the Babylonian captivity as the remnant.
Iyar (Hebrew: אִייָר or אִיָּר , Standard ʾĪyyar Tiberian ʾĪyyār; from Akkadian: 𒌗 𒄞 iti ayari "rosette; blossom") is the eighth month of the civil year (which starts on 1 Tishrei) and the second month of the Jewish religious year (which starts on 1 Nisan) on the Hebrew calendar. The name is Babylonian in origin.
Pidyon shevuyim (Hebrew: פִּדְיוֹן שְׁבוּיִים, romanized: piḏyon šəvuyim, literally: Redemption of Captives) is a religious duty in Judaism to bring about the release of a fellow Jew captured by slave dealers or robbers, or imprisoned unjustly. Reconciliation, ransom negotiations, or unrelenting pursuit typically secured ...
At the time of the return to Zion from the Babylonian captivity, Jerusalem was very small and materially rather poor. Its walls were derelict and a modest shrine now stood at the site of Solomon's once grand Temple. The city, nevertheless, enjoyed a vibrant and flourishing religious life.