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  2. Allele - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allele

    An allele [1], or allelomorph, is a variant of the sequence of nucleotides at a particular location, or locus, on a DNA molecule. [2]Alleles can differ at a single position through single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), [3] but they can also have insertions and deletions of up to several thousand base pairs.

  3. Paramutation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramutation

    The first described and most extensively researched example is the r1 locus in maize. The gene at this locus, when actively transcribed, codes for a transcription factor that promotes anthocyanin production, resulting in kernels with a purple color. One allele at this locus, referred to as B’, is capable of causing methylation at the other ...

  4. Allenes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allenes

    Propadiene, the simplest allene, is also known as allene. In organic chemistry, allenes are organic compounds in which one carbon atom has double bonds with each of its two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=C=CR 2, where R is H or some organyl group). [1]

  5. Locus (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locus_(genetics)

    Genes may possess multiple variants known as alleles, and an allele may also be said to reside at a particular locus. Diploid and polyploid cells whose chromosomes have the same allele at a given locus are called homozygous with respect to that locus, while those that have different alleles at a given locus are called heterozygous. [3]

  6. Introduction to genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_genetics

    Although the red color allele is still there in this brown-haired girl, it doesn't show. This is a difference between what is seen on the surface (the traits of an organism, called its phenotype) and the genes within the organism (its genotype). In this example, the allele for brown can be called "B" and the allele for red "b".

  7. Gene conversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_conversion

    Gene conversion is the process by which one DNA sequence replaces a homologous sequence such that the sequences become identical after the conversion. [1] Gene conversion can be either allelic, meaning that one allele of the same gene replaces another allele, or ectopic, meaning that one paralogous DNA sequence converts another.

  8. STR analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STR_analysis

    Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is a common molecular biology method used to compare allele repeats at specific loci in DNA between two or more samples. A short tandem repeat is a microsatellite with repeat units that are 2 to 7 base pairs in length, with the number of repeats varying among individuals, making STRs effective for human ...

  9. Compound heterozygosity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_heterozygosity

    In medical genetics, compound heterozygosity is the condition of having two or more heterogeneous recessive alleles at a particular locus that can cause genetic disease in a heterozygous state; that is, an organism is a compound heterozygote when it has two recessive alleles for the same gene, but with those two alleles being different from each other (for example, both alleles might be ...