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Oehler-system clarinet and Full-Oehler clarinet with bell mechanism to correct low E and F The Oehler system (also spelled Öhler ) is a system for clarinet keys developed by Oskar Oehler . Based on the Müller system clarinet, the system adds tone holes to correct intonation and acoustic deficiencies, notably of the alternately-fingered notes ...
Many musicians prefer the Albert system because its unkeyed tone holes make slurred notes easier to play. The system is a derivative of the early 19th century 13-key system developed by Iwan Müller and is related to the more advanced Oehler system used by most German and Austrian clarinettists.
For example, a written C on a B ♭ clarinet or trumpet sounds as a non-transposing instrument's B ♭. The term "concert pitch" is used to refer to the pitch on a non-transposing instrument, to distinguish it from the transposing instrument's written note. The clarinet or trumpet's written C is thus referred to as "concert B ♭ ". [1]
Two Pieces for Clarinet and String Quartet (1961) Durations 5, for horn, vibraphone, harp, piano or celesta, violin, and cello (1961) The Straits of Magellan, flute, horn, trumpet, harp, electric guitar, piano, and double bass (1961) Intervals, for bass-baritone, trombone, percussion, vibraphone, and cello (1961)
Clarinet bodies have been made from a variety of materials including wood, plastic, hard rubber or Ebonite, metal, and ivory. [35] The vast majority of wooden clarinets are made from African blackwood (grenadilla), or, more uncommonly, Honduran rosewood or cocobolo. [36] [37] Historically other woods, particularly boxwood and ebony, were used. [36]
The contra-alto clarinet [2] is largely a development of the 2nd half of the 20th century, although there were some precursors in the 19th century: . In 1829, Johann Heinrich Gottlieb Streitwolf [], an instrument maker in Göttingen, introduced an instrument tuned in F in the shape and fingering of a basset horn, which could be called a contrabasset horn because it played an octave lower than it.
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The invention of the alto clarinet has been attributed to Iwan Müller and to Heinrich Grenser, [2] and to both working together. [3] Müller was performing on an alto clarinet in F by 1809, one with sixteen keys at a time when soprano clarinets generally had no more than 10–12 keys; Müller's revolutionary thirteen-key soprano clarinet was developed soon after. [3]
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