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Croup (/ k r uː p / KROOP), also known as croupy cough, is a type of respiratory infection that is usually caused by a virus. [2] The infection leads to swelling inside the trachea, which interferes with normal breathing and produces the classic symptoms of "barking/brassy" cough, inspiratory stridor and a hoarse voice. [2]
On lateral C-spine X-ray, the thumbprint sign describes a swollen, enlarged epiglottis. [10] A normal X-ray, however, does not exclude the diagnosis. [10] An ultrasound may be helpful if specific changes are present, but its use (as of 2018) is in the early stages of study. [10] On CT imaging, the "Halloween sign" describes an epiglottis of ...
A calcaneal spur (also known as a heel spur) is a bony outgrowth from the calcaneal tuberosity (heel bone). [1] Calcaneal spurs are typically detected by x-ray examination. [2] It is a form of exostosis. When a foot is exposed to constant stress, calcium deposits build up on the bottom of the heel bone. Generally, this has no effect on a person ...
Dexamethasone is commonly given as a treatment for croup in children. [25] A single dose can reduce the swelling of the airway to improve breathing and reduce discomfort. [25] Dexamethasone is sometimes injected into the heel when treating plantar fasciitis or heel pain, sometimes in conjunction with triamcinolone acetonide. There is no ...
Heel pad syndrome is a pain that occurs in the center of the heel. [1] There are many causes, but a mechanical etiology is most common: risk factors include obesity. [1] Other conditions with similar symptoms include plantar fasciitis. [1] Treatment includes rest, pain medication, and heel cups. [1] It becomes more common with age. [1]
Sever's disease, also known as calcaneus apophysitis, is an inflammation at the back of the heel (or calcaneus) growth plate in growing children. The condition is thought to be caused by repetitive stress at the heel. This condition is benign and common and usually resolves when the growth plate has closed or during periods of less activity.
Diabetic foot ulcer is a breakdown of the skin and sometimes deeper tissues of the foot that leads to sore formation. It is thought to occur due to abnormal pressure or mechanical stress chronically applied to the foot, usually with concomitant predisposing conditions such as peripheral sensory neuropathy, peripheral motor neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy or peripheral arterial disease. [1]
Plantar fasciitis or plantar heel pain is a disorder of the plantar fascia, which is the connective tissue that supports the arch of the foot. [2] It results in pain in the heel and bottom of the foot that is usually most severe with the first steps of the day or following a period of rest.