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  2. Plasma osmolality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_Osmolality

    The laboratory value measures the freezing point depression, properly called osmolality while the calculated value is given in units of osmolarity. Even though these values are presented in different units, when there is a small amount of solute compared to total volume of solution, the absolute values of osmolality vs. osmolarity are very close.

  3. Osmol gap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmol_gap

    The calculated osmolality is then subtracted from the measured osmolality to provide the osmol gap, or the difference between these two values. If this gap falls within an acceptable range,(<10) then it is assumed that sodium, glucose, BUN are indeed the major dissolved ions and molecules in the serum.

  4. Osmotic concentration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_concentration

    According to IUPAC, osmolality is the quotient of the negative natural logarithm of the rational activity of water and the molar mass of water, whereas osmolarity is the product of the osmolality and the mass density of water (also known as osmotic concentration). [1]

  5. Osmotic coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_coefficient

    For liquid solutions, the osmotic coefficient is often used to calculate the salt activity coefficient from the solvent activity, or vice versa. For example, freezing point depression measurements, or measurements of deviations from ideality for other colligative properties, allows calculation of the salt activity coefficient through the osmotic coefficient.

  6. Stool osmotic gap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stool_osmotic_gap

    Stool osmotic gap is a measurement of the difference in solute types between serum and feces, used to distinguish among different causes of diarrhea. Feces is normally in osmotic equilibrium with blood serum, which the human body maintains between 290–300 mOsm/kg. [1] However, the solutes contributing to this total differ.

  7. Osmotic pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_pressure

    This formula applies when the solute concentration is sufficiently low that the solution can be treated as an ideal solution. The proportionality to concentration means that osmotic pressure is a colligative property .

  8. Dr. Shilpi Khetarpal, a board-certified dermatologist, unpacks rice water's potential hair benefits and its usage.

  9. Van 't Hoff factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_'t_Hoff_factor

    For most ionic compounds dissolved in water, the van 't Hoff factor is equal to the number of discrete ions in a formula unit of the substance. This is true for ideal solutions only, as occasionally ion pairing occurs in solution. At a given instant a small percentage of the ions are paired and count as a single particle.