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[199] [200] Waitangi Day has been the focus of protest by Māori (as was particularly the case from the 1970s through to the 1990s), but today the day is often used as an opportunity to discuss the history and lasting effects of the treaty. [201] [202] The Waitangi crown, a 1935 commemorative coin, was issued in honour of the treaty. [203]
The Waitangi Sheet of the Treaty of Waitangi. The Treaty of Waitangi was first signed on 6 February 1840 by representatives of the British Crown and Māori chiefs from the North Island of New Zealand, with a further 500 signatures added later that year, including some from the South Island. It is one of the founding documents of New Zealand.
Waitangi Day (Māori: Te Rā o Waitangi), the national day of New Zealand, marks the anniversary of the initial signing—on 6 February 1840—of the Treaty of Waitangi.The Treaty of Waitangi was an agreement towards British sovereignty by representatives of the Crown and indigenous Māori chiefs, and so is regarded by many as the founding document of the nation.
Many Māori felt that the new name drew attention away from the Treaty of Waitangi, [2] and campaigned for the name to be changed back. Following a change of government in 1975, the new National government passed the Waitangi Day Act 1976, which changed the name of the day back to Waitangi Day. [2]
The first stage of the report was released in November 2014, [11] [12] and found that Māori chiefs never agreed to give up their sovereignty when they signed the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840. [13] [14] [15] Tribunal manager Julie Tangaere said at the report's release to the Ngapuhi claimants:
The Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975 gave the Treaty of Waitangi recognition in New Zealand law for the first time and established the Waitangi Tribunal. The tribunal was empowered to investigate possible breaches of the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi by the New Zealand Government or any state-controlled body, occurring after 1975. [ 1 ]
6 February — Hōne Heke is the first to sign the Treaty of Waitangi at the Bay of Islands. [11] 19 February — French settlers under the command of Captain C. Lavaud, unaware of the Treaty of Waitangi, depart France in the L’Aube on their way to Akaroa. [12] (see 1838) 1 March — Governor Hobson suffers a stroke.
Numerous reports by the Waitangi Tribunal have criticised Crown actions during the wars, and also found that the Māori, too, had breached the treaty. [82] As part of the negotiated out-of-court settlements of tribes' historical claims (Treaty of Waitangi claims and settlements), as of 2011 the Crown is making formal apologies to tribes. [83]