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In 1905, Albert Einstein published a paper advancing the hypothesis that light energy is carried in discrete quantized packets to explain experimental data from the photoelectric effect. Einstein theorized that the energy in each quantum of light was equal to the frequency of light multiplied by a constant, later called the Planck constant. A ...
A hallmark of Albert Einstein 's career was his use of visualized thought experiments (German: Gedankenexperiment[ 1 ]) as a fundamental tool for understanding physical issues and for elucidating his concepts to others. Einstein's thought experiments took diverse forms. In his youth, he mentally chased beams of light.
To explain the photoelectric effect, Einstein introduced the idea that light itself is made of discrete units of energy. In 1926, Gilbert N. Lewis popularized the term photon for these energy units. [3] [4] [5] Subsequently, many other experiments validated Einstein's approach. [6] [7] [8]
e. In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time. In Albert Einstein 's 1905 paper, On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, the theory is presented as being based on just two postulates: [p 1][1][2] The laws of physics are invariant (identical ...
Table of contents of the journal Annalen der Physik for the issue of June 1905. Einstein's paper on the photoelectric effect is sixth on this list. The article "Über einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gesichtspunkt" ("On a Heuristic Viewpoint Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light") [einstein 1] received 18 March and published 9 June ...
(Einstein was formally awarded his PhD on 15 January 1906.) [84] [85] [86] Four other pieces of work that Einstein completed in 1905—his famous papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, his special theory of relativity and the equivalence of mass and energy—have led to the year being celebrated as an annus mirabilis for physics ...
This was the first example of a theory that was able to encompass previously separate field theories (namely electricity and magnetism) to provide a unifying theory of electromagnetism. By 1905, Albert Einstein had used the constancy of the speed-of-light in Maxwell's theory to unify our notions of space and time into an entity we now call ...
Michelson–Morley experiment. For interference experiments on matter, see Hughes–Drever experiment. The Michelson–Morley experiment was an attempt to measure the motion of the Earth relative to the luminiferous aether, [ A 1 ] a supposed medium permeating space that was thought to be the carrier of light waves.