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t. e. Biomedical waste or hospital waste is any kind of waste containing infectious (or potentially infectious) materials generated during the treatment of humans or animals as well as during research involving biologics. [ 1 ] It may also include waste associated with the generation of biomedical waste that visually appears to be of medical or ...
Bioreactor. A bioreactor is any manufactured device or system that supports a biologically active environment. [ 1 ] In one case, a bioreactor is a vessel in which a chemical process is carried out which involves organisms or biochemically active substances derived from such organisms. This process can either be aerobic or anaerobic.
Bioreactor landfills are expected to reduce the amount of and costs associated with management of leachate, to increase the rate of production of methane (natural gas) for commercial purposes and reduce the amount of land required for land-fills. [1][2] Bioreactor landfills are monitored and manipulate oxygen and moisture levels to increase the ...
Picture describes a mammalian cell bench - scale down cultivations. A Scale-down Bioreactor is a miniature model designed to mimic or reproduce large-scale bio-processes or specific process steps on a smaller scale. These models play an important role during process development stage by fine-tuning the minute parameters and steps without the ...
Membrane bioreactors are combinations of membrane processes like microfiltration or ultrafiltration with a biological wastewater treatment process, the activated sludge process. These technologies are now widely used for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. [1] The two basic membrane bioreactor configurations are the submerged ...
Cell growth in bioreactors depends on a wide range of environmental and physiological conditions such as substrate concentration. With regards to bioreactor cell growth, substrate refers to the nutrients that the cells consume and is contained within the bioreactor medium. Cell growth can either be substrate limited or inhibited depending on ...
Environmental toxicology is a multidisciplinary field of science concerned with the study of the harmful effects of various chemical, biological and physical agents on living organisms. [ 1 ][ 2 ] Ecotoxicology is a subdiscipline of environmental toxicology concerned with studying the harmful effects of toxicants at the population and ecosystem ...
In 1996, Wackernagel and Rees published the book Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth. [ 15 ] The simplest way to define an ecological footprint is the amount of environmental resources necessary to produce the goods and services that support an individual's lifestyle, a nation's prosperity, or the economic activity of ...