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Base64. In computer programming, Base64 is a group of binary-to-text encoding schemes that transforms binary data into a sequence of printable characters, limited to a set of 64 unique characters. More specifically, the source binary data is taken 6 bits at a time, then this group of 6 bits is mapped to one of 64 unique characters.
v. t. e. In mathematics and computing, the hexadecimal (also base-16 or simply hex) numeral system is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of sixteen. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using ten symbols, hexadecimal uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols "0"–"9" to represent ...
Base32 is an encoding method based on the base-32 numeral system.It uses an alphabet of 32 digits, each of which represents a different combination of 5 bits (2 5).Since base32 is not very widely adopted, the question of notation—which characters to use to represent the 32 digits—is not as settled as in the case of more well-known numeral systems (such as hexadecimal), though RFCs and ...
UTF-8 and UTF-16 are the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent. UTF encodings include: UTF-8, which uses one to four bytes per code point, and has maximal compatibility with ASCII; UTF-16, which uses either one or two 16-bit units per code point, but cannot encode ...
The Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm ( LZMA) is an algorithm used to perform lossless data compression. It has been under development since either 1996 or 1998 by Igor Pavlov [ 1] and was first used in the 7z format of the 7-Zip archiver. This algorithm uses a dictionary compression scheme somewhat similar to the LZ77 algorithm published ...
Text with variable-length encoding such as UTF-8 or UTF-16 is harder to process if there is a need to work with individual code units as opposed to working with code points. Searching is unaffected by whether the characters are variably sized since a search for a sequence of code units does not care about the divisions.
The limit of 17 planes is due to UTF-16, which can encode 2 20 code points (16 planes) as pairs of words, plus the BMP as a single word. [2] UTF-8 was designed with a much larger limit of 2 31 (2,147,483,648) code points (32,768 planes), and would still be able to encode 2 21 (2,097,152) code points (32 planes) even under the current limit of 4 ...
Blocks. As of version 15.1 of the Unicode Standard, 1,481 characters in the following 19 blocks are classified as belonging to the Latin script. [ 2] Basic Latin, 0000–007F. This block corresponds to ASCII. Latin-1 Supplement, 0080–00FF. This block and the ASCII part collectively corresponds to IANA Latin-1. In addition, a number of Latin ...