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Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. [ 10][ 11] Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body becoming unresponsive to the hormone's effects. [ 12] Classic symptoms include thirst, polyuria ...
The condition known today as diabetes (usually referring to diabetes mellitus) is thought to have been described in the Ebers Papyrus ( c. 1550 BC ). Ayurvedic physicians (5th/6th century BC) first noted the sweet taste of diabetic urine, and called the condition madhumeha ("honey urine"). The term diabetes traces back to Demetrius of Apamea ...
392 million (2015) [ 11] Type 2 diabetes ( T2D ), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. [ 6] Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue and unexplained weight loss. [ 3]
Diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus ( DI) (arginine vasopressin disorder), alternately called arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D) or arginine vasopressin resistance (AVP-R), [ 5] is a condition characterized by large amounts of dilute urine and increased thirst. [ 1] The amount of urine produced can be nearly 20 liters per day. [ 1]
Diabulimia. (Portmanteau of diabetes and bulimia) An eating disorder where Type 1 diabetics intentionally take less insulin than needed in order to lose weight. Without insulin, glucose becomes unusable and accumulates in the bloodstream (eventually being lost in urine), and the body is forced to use fat for energy.
Hyperglycemia or Hyperglycaemia is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma. This is generally a blood sugar level higher than 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL ), but symptoms may not start to become noticeable until even higher values such as 13.9–16.7 mmol/L (~250–300 mg/dL ).
Diabetes medication. Drugs used in diabetes treat diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin, most GLP-1 receptor agonists ( liraglutide, exenatide, and others), and pramlintide, all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic ...
Epidemiology of diabetes. Prevalence (per 1,000 inhabitants) of diabetes worldwide in 2000 - world average was 2.8%. Globally, an estimated 537 million adults are living with diabetes, according to 2019 data from the International Diabetes Federation. [ 1] Diabetes was the 9th-leading cause of mortality globally in 2020, attributing to over 2 ...