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Decoupage or découpage ( / ˌdeɪkuːˈpɑːʒ /; [ 1] French: [dekupaʒ]) is the art of decorating an object by gluing colored paper cutouts onto it in combination with special paint effects, gold leaf, and other decorative elements. Commonly, an object like a small box or an item of furniture is covered by cutouts from magazines or from ...
Whitewash. Whitewash, calcimine, kalsomine, calsomine, or lime paint is a type of paint made from slaked lime ( calcium hydroxide, Ca (OH) 2) or chalk ( calcium carbonate, CaCO 3 ), sometimes known as "whiting". Various other additives are sometimes used.
Florentine craft box with decoupage and painted gold gilding. Florentine crafts made in Florence, Italy, are a centuries-old tradition maintained by several artisan guilds. Florentine style, especially in items produced in from the mid-19th century onward, typically reflect a contemporary interpretation of Renaissance art and furnishings.
Steelmaking is the process of producing steel from iron ore and/or scrap. In steelmaking, impurities such as nitrogen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and excess carbon (the most important impurity) are removed from the sourced iron, and alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium, carbon, and vanadium are added to produce different ...
Roman concrete, like any concrete, consists of an aggregate and hydraulic mortar, a binder mixed with water that hardens over time. The composition of the aggregate varied, and included pieces of rock, ceramic tile, lime clasts, and brick rubble from the remains of previously demolished buildings. In Rome, readily available tuff was often used ...
Hemp concrete has a low thermal conductivity, ranging from 0.06 to 0.6 W m −1 K −1, [24] [15] [25] a total porosity of 68–80% [24] [26] and a density of 200 kg /m 3 to 960 kg/m 3. [ 15 ] [ 27 ] Hemp concrete is also an aerated material with high water vapour permeability and its total porosity very close to open porosity allowing it to ...
Epoxy is the family of basic components or cured end products of epoxy resins. Epoxy resins, also known as polyepoxides, are a class of reactive prepolymers and polymers which contain epoxide groups. The epoxide functional group is also collectively called epoxy. [ 1] The IUPAC name for an epoxide group is an oxirane .
The novel shape of the Philips Pavilion built in Brussels for Expo 58 was achieved using reinforced concrete. François Coignet used iron-reinforced concrete as a technique for constructing building structures. [4] In 1853, Coignet built the first iron reinforced concrete structure, a four-story house at 72 rue Charles Michels in the suburbs of ...