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  2. Foaming agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foaming_agent

    Foaming agent. A foaming agent is a material such as a surfactant or a blowing agent that facilitates the formation of foam. A surfactant, when present in small amounts, reduces surface tension of a liquid (reduces the work needed to create the foam) or increases its colloidal stability by inhibiting coalescence of bubbles. [ 1] A blowing agent ...

  3. Foam rubber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foam_rubber

    Foam rubber was first produced in 1929 by Dunlop Rubber researcher chemists E. A. Murphy [2] and Eric Owen using whipped latex. In 1937 isocyanate based materials were first used for the formation of foam rubbers, after World War II styrene-butadiene rubber replaced many natural types of foam. Foam rubbers have been used commercially for a wide ...

  4. List of polyurethane applications - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_polyurethane...

    Industrial Insulation. Rigid polyurethane foam is used in various industries to provide thermal insulation to installations and pipes. In particular, the piping for district heating systems in Europe is primarily insulated using a pre-insulated pipes sandwich assembly composed of a steel heat service pipe, an insulating layer (polyurethane foam) and a polyethylene (PE) casing, which are bonded ...

  5. Underlay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underlay

    Underlay or underlayment [1] generally refers to a layer of cushioning made of materials such as sponge rubber, foam, felt, crumb rubber, or recycled plastic; this material is laid beneath carpeting to provide comfort underfoot, to reduce wear on the carpet, and to provide insulation against sound, moisture, and heat. [2]

  6. Foam concrete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foam_concrete

    Foam concrete is a versatile building material with a simple production method that is relatively inexpensive compared to autoclave aerated concrete. [ 1] Foam concrete compounds utilising fly ash in the slurry mix is cheaper still, and has less environmental impact. Foam concrete is produced in a variety of densities from 200 kg/m 3 to 1,600 ...

  7. List of commercially available roofing materials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_commercially...

    Thermoplastics (e.g. PVC, TPO) – Plastic sheets welded together with hot air, creating one continuous sheet membrane. Lends itself well to both big box and small roof application because of its hot air weldability. This membrane is installed by two methods: 1.) Rolls of membrane are attached to the ridged insulation using a bonding adhesive; 2.)

  8. Foam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foam

    Foam. Foams are materials formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid. [ 1][ 2][ 3] A bath sponge and the head on a glass of beer are examples of foams. In most foams, the volume of gas is large, with thin films of liquid or solid separating the regions of gas. Soap foams are also known as suds .

  9. Bituminous waterproofing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bituminous_waterproofing

    ASTM D6757 / D6757M-16a Standard — Specification for Underlayment Felt Containing Inorganic Fibres Used in Steep-Slope Roofing. [10] ASTM D6222 / D6222M-16 Standard — Specification for Atactic Polypropylene (APP) Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Using Polyester Reinforcements. [11] Type 1; Type 2; Grade G, surface coated granules