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Gastric antral vascular ectasia ( GAVE) is an uncommon cause of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding or iron deficiency anemia. [ 1][ 2] The condition is associated with dilated small blood vessels in the gastric antrum, which is a distal part of the stomach. [ 1] The dilated vessels result in intestinal bleeding. [ 3]
Heyde's syndrome is a syndrome of gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasia in the presence of aortic stenosis. [ 1][ 2] It is named after Edward C. Heyde, MD, who first noted the association in 1958. [ 3] It is caused by cleavage of Von Willebrand factor (vWF) due to high shear stress forces from aortic valvular stenosis.
Relative energy deficiency in sport ( RED-S) [1] [2] is a syndrome in which disordered eating (or low energy availability ), [3] amenorrhoea / oligomenorrhoea (in women), and decreased bone mineral density ( osteoporosis and osteopenia) are present. [4] It is caused by eating too little food to support the amount of energy being expended by an ...
Malabsorption is a state arising from abnormality in absorption of food nutrients across the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Impairment can be of single or multiple nutrients depending on the abnormality. This may lead to malnutrition and a variety of anaemias. [1]
Senile osteoporosis. Senile osteoporosis has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology. There are different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors. [1]
Glasgow-Blatchford score. The Glasgow-Blatchford bleeding score ( GBS) is a screening tool to assess the likelihood that a person with an acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) will need to have medical intervention such as a blood transfusion or endoscopic intervention. [ 1] The tool may be able to identify people who do not need to be ...
Gastroenterology. Portal hypertensive gastropathy refers to changes in the mucosa of the stomach in patients with portal hypertension; by far the most common cause of this is cirrhosis of the liver. These changes in the mucosa include friability of the mucosa and the presence of ectatic blood vessels at the surface.
Hemosuccus pancreaticus is a rare cause of hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract. It is caused by a bleeding source in the pancreas, pancreatic duct, or structures adjacent to the pancreas, such as the splenic artery, that bleed into the pancreatic duct, which is connected with the bowel at the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.