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The bottom probe demonstrates the use of ultrasound for therapeutic benefits, which often utilize high-energy, focused ultrasound beams. In the above applications, the ultrasound passes through human tissue where it is the main source of the observed biological effect (the oscillation of abrasive dental tools at ultrasonic frequencies therefore ...
Medical ultrasound includes diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging techniques) using ultrasound, as well as therapeutic applications of ultrasound. In diagnosis, it is used to create an image of internal body structures such as tendons, muscles, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs, to measure some characteristics (e.g., distances and velocities) or to generate an informative audible sound.
In the field of cancer, ultrasound is commonly used for helping health care professionals detect and develop a diagnosis in affected patients. [34] In the context of drug delivery, ultrasound has been used for a wide variety of therapeutic applications which include but are not limited to melanoma, [16] ovarian cancer, [7] [16] and breast cancer.
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a technology that can be used for therapeutic purposes. It exploits low intensity and pulsed mechanical waves in order to induce regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects on biological tissues, such as bone, [ 1 ] cartilage, and tendon. [ 2 ]
These procedures generally use lower frequencies than medical diagnostic ultrasound (from 0.7 to 2 MHz), but higher the frequency means lower the focusing energy. HIFU treatment is often guided by MRI. Focused ultrasound may be used to dissolve kidney stones by lithotripsy. Ultrasound may be used for cataract treatment by phacoemulsification.
Ultrasound is used to evaluate fat thickness, rib eye area, and intramuscular fat in living animals. [48] It is also used to evaluate the health and characteristics of unborn calves. Ultrasound technology provides a means for cattle producers to obtain information that can be used to improve the breeding and husbandry of cattle.
This method of medical ultrasound therapy can be used for various types of pain relief and physical therapy. In physics, the term "ultrasound" [1] applies to all acoustic energy with a frequency above the audible range of human hearing. The audible range of sound is 20 hertz – 20 kilohertz. Ultrasound frequency is greater than 20 kilohertz.
Gene therapy using ultrasound and microbubbles is also being investigated for ocular disease. [25] In cardiovascular disease, for example, the efficiency of gene therapy can be improved by ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction where a gene-loaded microbubble can be burst to release its contents.