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Rubella virus (RuV) is the pathogenic agent of the disease rubella, transmitted only between humans via the respiratory route, and is the main cause of congenital rubella syndrome when infection occurs during the first weeks of pregnancy. Rubella virus, scientific name Rubivirus rubellae, is a member of the genus Rubivirus and belongs to the ...
Detection of the rubella virus via RT-PCR [19] Detection of rubella-specific IgM antibody [19] Detection of infant rubella-specific IgG antibody [19] at higher levels (and persists for a longer time) than expected for passive maternal transmission; Isolation of the rubella virus by nasal, blood, throat, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid specimens
In performing a test, laboratory clinicians will mix a patient's cerebrospinal fluid, serum or urine with the coated latex particles in serial dilutions with normal saline (important to avoid the prozone effect) and observe for agglutination (clumping). Agglutination of the beads in any of the dilutions is considered a positive result ...
TORCH syndrome is a cluster of symptoms caused by congenital infection with toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, and other organisms including syphilis, parvovirus, and Varicella zoster. [1] Zika virus is considered the most recent member of TORCH infections. [2]
Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, [6] is an infection caused by the rubella virus. [3] This disease is often mild, with half of people not realizing that they are infected. [1] [7] A rash may start around two weeks after exposure and last for three days. [1] It usually starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the ...
References range may vary with age, sex, race, pregnancy, [10] diet, use of prescribed or herbal drugs and stress. Reference ranges often depend on the analytical method used, for reasons such as inaccuracy , lack of standardisation , lack of certified reference material and differing antibody reactivity . [ 11 ]
In these cases, the fetus would be put at an increased risk of contracting the hepatitis virus from the mother. However, the necessity of the procedure should be considered along with this risk. PUBS should not be performed in mothers testing positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) due to increased risk of fetal contraction. [29]
The water-accessible surface area of an IgG antibody. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. [1] IgG molecules are created and released by plasma B cells. Each IgG antibody has two paratopes.