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Acute radiation syndrome (ARS), also known as radiation sickness or radiation poisoning, is a collection of health effects that are caused by being exposed to high amounts of ionizing radiation in a short period of time. [1] Symptoms can start within an hour of exposure, and can last for several months.
The principal site of damage is the germinal layer, and often the initial response is erythema (reddening) due to blood vessels congestion and edema. Erythema lasting more than 10 days occurs in 50% of people exposed to 5-6 Gray. [10] Other effects with exposure include: [10] 2–3 Gray—temporary hair loss; 7 Gray—permanent epilation occurs
This is due to the high relative biological effectiveness of alpha radiation to cause biological damage after alpha-emitting radioisotopes enter living cells. Ingested alpha emitter radioisotopes such as transuranics or actinides are an average of about 20 times more dangerous, and in some experiments up to 1000 times more dangerous than an ...
These records made clear that since the 1940s, the Atomic Energy Commission had been sponsoring tests on the effects of radiation on the human body. American citizens who had checked into hospitals for a variety of ailments were secretly injected, without their knowledge, with varying amounts of plutonium and other radioactive materials.
The Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) is a joint U.S.-Japan research organization responsible for studying the medical effects of radiation and associated diseases in humans for the welfare of the survivors and all humankind. [1] The organization's scientific laboratories are located in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.
Infections caused by exposure to ionizing radiation can be extremely dangerous, and are of public and government concern. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Numerous studies have demonstrated that the susceptibility of organisms to systemic infection increased following exposure to ionizing radiation. [ 1 ]
Radiation damage is the effect of ionizing radiation on physical objects including non-living structural materials. It can be either detrimental or beneficial for materials. Radiobiology is the study of the action of ionizing radiation on living things, including the health effects of radiation in humans.
BEIR III 1980: “The Effects on Populations of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation” BEIR IV 1988: “Health Effects of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters” BEIR V 1990: “Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation” BEIR VI 1999: “The Health Effects of Exposure to Indoor Radon”