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The terms traumatic brain injury and head injury are often used interchangeably in the medical literature. [1] Because head injuries cover such a broad scope of injuries, there are many causes—including accidents, falls, physical assault, or traffic accidents—that can cause head injuries.
A concussion, also known as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning. [9] Symptoms may include loss of consciousness ; memory loss; headaches ; difficulty with thinking, concentration, or balance; nausea; blurred vision ; dizziness; sleep disturbances, and mood changes . [ 1 ]
Delayed onset Lhermitte's sign has been reported following head and/or neck trauma. [9] [10] This occurs ~2 1/2 months following injury, without associated neurological symptoms or pain, and typically resolves within 1 year. [citation needed]
Closed-head injuries are caused primarily by vehicular accidents, falls, acts of violence, and sports injuries. [4] Falls account for 35.2% of brain injuries in the United States, with rates highest for children ages 0–4 years and adults ages 75 years and older. [3] Head injuries are more common in men than women across every age group. [3]
[12] [13] All traumatic brain injuries are head injuries, but the latter term may also refer to injury to other parts of the head; [14] [15] [16] however, the terms head injury and brain injury are often used interchangeably. [17] Similarly, brain injuries fall under the classification of central nervous system injuries [18] and neurotrauma. [19]
Brain injuries often create impairment or disability that can vary greatly in severity. In cases of severe brain injuries, the likelihood of areas with permanent disability is great, including neurocognitive deficits, delusions (often, to be specific, monothematic delusions), speech or movement problems, and intellectual disability. There may ...
Jalen Hurts injury update Hurts has been ruled out with a concussion . He will now enter the league's concussion protocol and has to clear the five-step process before returning to game action.
SIS is a potential complication from an athlete returning to a game before symptoms from a minor head injury have subsided. [4] Such symptoms include headache, cognitive difficulties, or visual changes. [1] The initial injury may be a concussion, or it may be another, more severe, type of head trauma, such as cerebral contusion. [5]