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A scorpion sting is an injury caused by the stinger of a scorpion resulting in the medical condition known as scorpionism, which may vary in severity. The anatomical part of the scorpion that delivers the sting is called a "telson". In typical cases, scorpion stings usually result in pain, paresthesia, and variable swelling.
Tityus scorpions are best known for their venom and potent sting. [4] [5] The genus contains several dangerously venomous scorpions, the best known of which is the Brazilian yellow scorpion, T. serrulatus. Its venom can cause severe illness (including pancreatitis), and in the young, old and infirm even death. [6]
The Buthidae are the largest family of scorpions, containing about 100 genera and 1339 species as of 2022. [2] A few very large genera (Ananteris, Centruroides, Compsobuthus, or Tityus) are known, but a high number of species-poor or monotypic ones also exist. [2]
Parabuthus, commonly known as the thick-tailed scorpion, is a genus of large and highly venomous Afrotropical scorpions, that show a preference for areas of low rainfall. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] Their stings are medically important and human fatalities have been recorded.
The sting impairs the left ventricle contractility and heart failure occurs. It is very important that early echocardiographic examination is done in patients who have been stung. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] The venom was tested in rats, and its effects were compared to the effects of Arabian fat-tailed scorpion ( Androctonus crassicauda ) venom.
Centruroides hentzi, the Hentz striped scorpion, is a species of bark scorpion in the family Buthidae. They are native to the southeastern United States including the states of Florida , southwestern Alabama , and in the coastal plain of Southern Georgia including surrounding barrier islands. [ 1 ]
Tityus serrulatus, the Brazilian yellow scorpion, is a species of scorpion of the family Buthidae. It is native to Brazil , and its venom is extremely toxic. [ 1 ] It is the most dangerous scorpion in South America and is responsible for the most fatal cases.
Parabuthus transvaalicus is a dangerous, medically significant scorpion, which can both sting and spray its kurtoxin venom. [2] The first droplet of venom differs from the rest, and is referred to as "pre-venom". [4] A further potassium channel inhibitor, parabutoxin, has been isolated from the venom of P. transvaalicus. [5]