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The Regalia of the Pharaoh or Pharaoh's attributes are the symbolic objects of royalty in ancient Egypt (crowns, headdresses, scepters). In use between 3150 and 30 BC, these attributes were specific to pharaohs , but also to certain gods such as Atum , Ra , Osiris and Horus .
Taurus or Bull (fl. c. 3310 B.C.) is the provisional name for a predynastic ruler, the existence of whom is highly controversial. He is considered a ruler of the late Chalcolithic Naqada III culture of southern Egypt .
The Atef is typically worn atop a pair of ram or bull horns as a circlet. The Atef crown is seen as far back as the 5th dynasty . [ citation needed ] According to Egyptian beliefs , this Crown represents Osiris as the god of fertility, ruler of the afterlife , and a representative of the cycle of death and rebirth.
The Serapeum of Saqqara was the ancient Egyptian burial place for sacred bulls of the Apis cult at Memphis.It was believed that the bulls were incarnations of the god Ptah, which would become immortal after death as Osiris-Apis, a name which evolved to Serapis (Σέραπις) in the Hellenistic period, and Userhapi (ⲟⲩⲥⲉⲣϩⲁⲡⲓ) in Coptic.
The crook and flail (heka and nekhakha) were symbols used in ancient Egyptian society. They were originally the attributes of the deity Osiris that became insignia of pharaonic authority. [1]
Pharaoh Menkaura and queen Khamerernebty II; 2490–2472 BC; greywacke; overall: 142.2 cm × 57.1 cm × 55.2 cm (56.0 in × 22.5 in × 21.7 in); Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (US) The monumental sculpture of ancient Egypt's temples and tombs is well known, [98] but refined and delicate small works exist in much greater numbers.
The ancient Egyptian Bull (hieroglyph), Gardiner sign listed no. E1, is the representation of the common bull. The bull motif is dominant in protodynastic times (see Bull Palette), and also has prominence in the early dynastic Egypt, famously on the Narmer Palette. Its phonetic value is kꜣ (Egyptological pronunciation "ka").
However, four different bull cults dedicated to Montu were known in earlier times in Upper Egypt, and it seems that the Buchis was the result of their syncretism. [3]: 95 Eventually, the Buchis bull was identified as a form of the Apis, and consequently became considered an incarnation of Osiris. It is uncertain when the Buchis cult disappeared.