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Formal system, an abstract means of generating inferences in a formal language; Formal language, comprising the symbolic "words" or "sentences" of a formal system; Formal grammar, a grammar describing a formal language; Colloquialism, the linguistic style used for informal communication
Essays have been sub-classified as formal and informal: formal essays are characterized by "serious purpose, dignity, logical organization, length," whereas the informal essay is characterized by "the personal element (self-revelation, individual tastes and experiences, confidential manner), humor, graceful style, rambling structure ...
Informal education is a general term for education that can occur outside of a traditional lecture or school based learning systems. [1] The term even include customized-learning based on individual student interests within a curriculum inside a regular classroom, but is not limited to that setting. [ 1 ]
To fully understand informal learning it is useful to define the terms "formal" and "informal" education. Formal education can be defined as a setting that is highly institutionalized, can be possibly bureaucratic, while being curriculum driven, and formally recognized with grades, diplomas, or other forms of certifications. [15]
These two definitions of formal logic are not identical, but they are closely related. For example, if the inference from p to q is deductively valid then the claim "if p then q" is a logical truth. [16] Formal logic needs to translate natural language arguments into a formal language, like first-order logic, to assess whether they are valid.
The distinction between formal and informal fallacies is opposed by deductivists, who hold that deductive invalidity is the reason for all fallacies. [18] One way to explain that some fallacies do not seem to be deductively invalid is to hold that they contain various hidden assumptions, as is common for natural language arguments.
Informal and formal communication are used in an organization. Formal communication flows downward, horizontal and upward while informal communication is generally referred to as "the grapevine". Formal communication refers to the flow of official information through proper, predefined channels and routes.
Informal logic encompasses the principles of logic and logical thought outside of a formal setting (characterized by the usage of particular statements). However, the precise definition of "informal logic" is a matter of some dispute. [ 1 ]