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There used to be only five codes of Italian law: the civil code, the code of civil procedure, the penal code, the code of criminal procedure, and the navigation code. [1] Starting from the eighties, more specific subjects were needed and specific codes were created to better codify the law.
A constitutional law, in the Italian legal system, is an Act of Parliament that has the same strength as the Constitution of Italy.This means that in case of conflicts between the Constitution and a constitutional law, the latter normally prevails, according to the legal principle that "a later law repeals an earlier law" (lex posterior derogat priori).
In Italian law, the main regulatory body for criminal law is the Italian penal code, which is one of the sources of Italian criminal law together with the Constitution and special laws. [25] The Italian penal code was approved with Royal decree no. 1,398 of 19 October 1930, entered into force on 1 July 1931 [ 26 ] and has been amended several ...
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The non-profit Uniform Law Commission (ULC), formerly known as the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, was founded in 1892 to provide American jurisdictions with robust legislation. [4] ULC promotes enactment of uniform acts in areas of state law where uniformity is desirable and practical. [5]
Furthermore, up to five years after the implementation of the Constitution, other Regions can be established by constitutional laws, thus amending the list in Article 131, and without the conditions required under the first paragraph of Article 132, without prejudice, however, to the obligation to consult the peoples concerned.
The Consiglio di Stato ('Council of State') is a legal-administrative consultative body that ensures the legality of public administration in Italy.The council has jurisdiction over acts of all administrative authorities, except when these authorities lack discretionary power, in which case the dispute is considered to be one of civil law.
In contrast, the 1930 Penal Code, often referred to as the "Rocco Code" after Minister of justice Alfredo Rocco, marked a shift in Italy's criminal law framework. This code reintroduced the death penalty and included provisions that emphasised state security and public order, reflecting the legal and social context of its time under the Fascist ...