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The 1964 Brazilian coup d'état (Portuguese: Golpe de estado no Brasil em 1964) was the overthrow of Brazilian president João Goulart by a military coup from March 31 to April 1, 1964, ending the Fourth Brazilian Republic (1946–1964) and initiating the Brazilian military dictatorship (1964–1985).
The march was a precursor to the Brazilian coup d'état and prepared the public to accept a coup against Goulart. [10] [11] The military coup installed a military dictatorship that lasted 21 years and arrested, exiled, brutally tortured, and killed thousands. [12]
With the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, on April 2 the National Congress of Brazil declared the presidency of the Republic occupied by João Goulart vacant. Since the vacancy was foreseen for the president's departure from the country without the authorization of Congress, which was not the case, the act had no constitutional support.
João Belchior Marques Goulart (1 March 1919 – 6 December 1976), commonly known as Jango, was a Brazilian politician who served as the 24th president of Brazil from 1961 until a military coup d'état deposed him on 1964. He was considered the last left-wing president of Brazil until Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva took office in 2003.
The Paraíba Valley was the stage of military deployments by opposing forces during the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état: the rebel 2nd Army, coming from São Paulo towards Rio de Janeiro along the Via Dutra highway, and the loyalist School-Unit Group (Grupamento de Unidades-Escola; GUEs), coming from Rio de Janeiro in the opposite direction.
The military dictatorship in Brazil (Portuguese: ditadura militar), occasionally referred to as the Fifth Brazilian Republic, [3] [4] was established on 1 April 1964, after a coup d'état by the Brazilian Armed Forces, with support from the United States government, [5] against president João Goulart. The Brazilian dictatorship lasted for 21 ...
Brazil is a State Party to the Protocol of the American Convention on Human Rights to Abolish the Death Penalty, which was ratified on August 13, 1996. According to international law, the "application of the death penalty in time of war pursuant to a conviction for a serious crime of a military nature committed during wartime" is admissible.
However, for the coup sector, Goulart's action was a clear demonstration of disrespect towards the Armed Forces, which took advantage of the situation to consolidate, on March 31, the coup d'état, which culminated with the military dictatorship (1964-1985) and, consequently, with the exile of the president.