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Aside from SOEs, there are also provincially- or municipally-owned corporations, locally known as Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD). The primary difference between BUMNs and BUMDs is the ownership of the enterprise, whereas BUMNs are controlled by the Ministry of State Owned Enterprise while BUMDs are directly controlled by the local government.
In many countries, a company limited by guarantee must include the suffix Limited in its name; alongside private companies limited by shares. Until 1981, it was possible in the United Kingdom to form a company limited by guarantee with a share capital, although the number of these companies remaining is very small., [4]
A parent company guarantee (PCG) is a guarantee by a parent company of a contractor’s performance under its contract with its client, where the contractor is a subsidiary of the parent company. [1] It is mandatory for all the companies to mention about the guarantees granted as a note in their accounts because it is a risk for the company.
A letter of comfort, sometimes called a "letter of intent", is a communication from a party to a contract to the other party that indicates an initial willingness to enter into a contractual obligation absent the elements of a legally enforceable contract. The objective is to create a morally binding but not legally binding assurance.
Regional Development Banks (Indonesian: Bank Pembangunan Daerah, or BPD) are a type of bank in Indonesia that is established and owned by the local provincial government. Its purpose is to boost regional development and provide initial capital to the province that private banks would not risk giving, as well as giving basic financial services ...
A letter of intent (LOI or LoI, or Letter of Intent) is a document outlining the understanding between two or more parties which they intend to formalize in a legally binding agreement. The concept is similar to a heads of agreement , term sheet or memorandum of understanding .
A personal guarantee, by contrast, is often used to refer to a promise made by an individual which is supported by, or assured through, the word of the individual. In the same way, a guarantee produces a legal effect wherein one party affirms the promise of another (usually to pay) by promising to themselves pay if default occurs.
Perikatan yang Lahir dari Kontrak atau Persetujuan: Art. 1313-1351 III Contracts Arising by Force of Law Perikatan yang Lahir karena Undang-Undang: Art. 1352-1380 IV Nullification of Contracts Hapusnya Perikatan: Art. 1381-1456 V Sales and Purchases Jual Beli: Art. 1457-1540 VI Exchanges Tukar Menukar: Art. 1451-1456 VII Leasing Sewa Menyewa ...