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To better reflect its structure, acetic acid is often written as CH 3 −C(O)OH, CH 3 −C(=O)−OH, CH 3 COOH, and CH 3 CO 2 H. In the context of acid–base reactions, the abbreviation HAc is sometimes used, [12] where Ac in this case is a symbol for acetate (rather than acetyl).
HO 2 CC(OH) 2 CO 2 H Mesoxalic acid: oxopropanedioic acid ketomalonic acid oxomalonic acid ... C 3 H 7 [CH(CH 3)] 2 COOH 2,4-dimethylhexanoic acid C 2 H 5 CH(CH 3)CH ...
For example, butyric acid (CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CO 2 H) is butanoic acid by IUPAC guidelines. For nomenclature of complex molecules containing a carboxylic acid, the carboxyl can be considered position one of the parent chain even if there are other substituents , such as 3-chloropropanoic acid .
CH 3 CH 2 COOH C3:0 Butyric acid: Butanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 2 COOH C4:0 Valeric acid: Pentanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 3 COOH C5:0 Caproic acid: Hexanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 4 COOH C6:0 Enanthic acid: Heptanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 5 COOH C7:0 Caprylic acid: Octanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 6 COOH C8:0 Pelargonic acid: Nonanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 7 COOH C9:0 Capric ...
Isobutyric acid, also known as 2-methylpropanoic acid or isobutanoic acid, is a carboxylic acid with structural formula (CH 3) 2 CHCOOH. It is an isomer of butyric acid. It is classified as a short-chain fatty acid. Deprotonation or esterification gives derivatives called isobutyrates.
In solution, it can ionize by a loss of a proton to produce the lactate ion CH 3 CH(OH)CO − 2. Compared to acetic acid, its pK a is 1 unit less, meaning lactic acid is ten times more acidic than acetic acid. This higher acidity is the consequence of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the α-hydroxyl and the carboxylate group.
acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) → acetyl chloride (CH 3 COCl) benzoic acid (C 6 H 5 COOH) → benzoyl chloride (C 6 H 5 COCl) butyric acid (C 3 H 7 COOH) → butyryl chloride (C3H7COCl) (Idiosyncratically, for some trivial names, -oyl chloride substitutes -ic acid. For example, pivalic acid becomes pivaloyl chloride and acrylic acid becomes acryloyl ...
CH 3 N(C 2 H 4 OH) 2: methyl diethanolamine: 105-59-9 CH 3 NC: methyl isocyanide: 593-75-9 C 5 H 9 NO: N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone: 872-50-4 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH: 1-Propanol: 71-23-8 CH 2 (CH 2 OH) 2: 1,3-Propanediol: 504-63-2 HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH: 1,5-Pentanediol: 111-29-5 (CH 3) 2 CHOH: 2-Propanol: 67-63-0 CH 3 CH 2 COOH: propanoic acid: 79 ...