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The origin of the Social Credit System can be traced back to the early 1990s as part of attempts to develop personal banking and financial credit rating systems in China, and was inspired by Western commercial credit systems like FICO, Equifax, and TransUnion. [17]
China has a much lower rate of credit use than developed markets. [4]: 67 As a result, it lacks the associated credit reports. [4]: 67 Zhima Credit was introduced on 28 January 2015. It was the first credit agency in China to use a score system for individual users, using both online and offline information. [5]
In 2019, the South China Morning Post reported that the Beijing Subway would also begin sorting passengers using facial recognition based on information pulled from the social credit system and criminal offending databases. Commuters who exhibited anti-social behavior or had previous bad credit scores would also be penalized under the system. [127]
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Foshan city of China’s southeastern province Guangdong launched a blockchain-based corporate social credit system with an automated credit rating function, state-backed media reported on Thursday.
A Unified Social Credit Identifier is issued to registered companies and other types of organization by the Chinese government. It is "unified" in the sense that it is used both as the business registration number with the State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) and as the taxpayer identifier with the State Taxation Administration (STA).
In 1954, it was transformed to the State Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China. The NDRC's functions are to study and formulate policies for economic and social development, maintain the balance of economic development, and to guide restructuring of the economic system of mainland China. [2]
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