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Skinner box. An operant conditioning chamber (also known as a Skinner box) is a laboratory apparatus used to study animal behavior. The operant conditioning chamber was created by B. F. Skinner while he was a graduate student at Harvard University. The chamber can be used to study both operant conditioning and classical conditioning. [1] [2]
This led Skinner to invent a prototype for the Skinner box and to join Keller in the creation of other tools for small experiments. [ 17 ] After graduation, Skinner unsuccessfully tried to write a novel while he lived with his parents, a period that he later called the "Dark Years". [ 17 ]
The experimental analysis of behavior is a science that studies the behavior of individuals across a variety of species. A key early scientist was B. F. Skinner who discovered operant behavior, reinforcers, secondary reinforcers, contingencies of reinforcement, stimulus control, shaping, intermittent schedules, discrimination, and generalization.
Opening Skinner's Box: Great Psychological Experiments of the Twentieth Century (W. W. Norton & Company, 2004, ISBN 0393050955), is a book by Lauren Slater.. In this book, Slater sets out to describe some of the psychological experiments of the twentieth century.
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The initial experiments studying the effectiveness of behavior analysis on human subjects were published in the 1940s and '50s, including B.F. Skinner's "Baby in a box" in 1945 and Paul Fueller's "Operant conditioning of a vegetative human organism" (1949).
Unlike Thorndike's puzzle box, this arrangement allowed the subject to make one or two simple, repeatable responses, and the rate of such responses became Skinner's primary behavioral measure. [8] Another invention, the cumulative recorder, produced a graphical record from which these response rates could be estimated.
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