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Environmentally sustainable practices, animal welfare, and authenticity play a subjective role when considering the quality of food. [1]Many consumers also rely on manufacturing and processing standards, particularly to know what ingredients are present, due to dietary, nutritional requirements (kosher, halal, vegetarian), or medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, or allergies).
Hazard analysis and critical control points, or HACCP (/ ˈ h æ s ʌ p / [1]), is a systematic preventive approach to food safety from biological, chemical, and physical hazards in production processes that can cause the finished product to be unsafe and designs measures to reduce these risks to a safe level.
Critical Control Point (CCP) is the point where the failure of Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) could cause harm to customers and to the business, or even loss of the business itself. It is a point, step or procedure at which controls can be applied and a food safety hazard can be prevented, eliminated or reduced to acceptable (critical) levels.
ISO 22000 is the most popular voluntary food safety international standard in the food industry with 51,535 total number of sites (as per the ISO Survey 2022).The ISO 22000 family are international voluntary consensus standards which align to Good Standardization Practices (GSP) [3] and the World Trade Organization (WTO) Principles for the Development of International Standards. [4]
Quality management, therefore, uses quality assurance and control of processes as well as products to achieve more consistent quality. Quality control is also part of quality management. What a customer wants and is willing to pay for it, determines quality. It is a written or unwritten commitment to a known or unknown consumer in the market.
Quality inspector in a Volkseigener Betrieb sewing machine parts factory in Dresden, East Germany, 1977. Quality control (QC) is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production. ISO 9000 defines quality control as "a part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements". [1]
Food rheology is the study of the rheological properties of food, that is, the consistency and flow of food under tightly specified conditions. [1] The consistency, degree of fluidity , and other mechanical properties are important in understanding how long food can be stored, how stable it will remain, and in determining food texture.
Food technology is a branch of food science that addresses the production, preservation, quality control and research and development of food products. It may also be understood as the science of ensuring that a society is food secure and has access to safe food that meets quality standards.