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In general: ductile materials (e.g. aluminum) fail in shear, whereas brittle materials (e.g. cast iron) fail in tension (see: Tensile strength). To calculate: Given total force at failure (F) and the force-resisting area (e.g. the cross-section of a bolt loaded in shear), ultimate shear strength is:
Bolts are correctly torqued to maintain the friction. The shear force only becomes relevant when the bolts are not torqued. A bolt with property class 12.9 has a tensile strength of 1200 MPa (1 MPa = 1 N/mm 2) or 1.2 kN/mm 2 and the yield strength is 0.90 times tensile strength, 1080 MPa in this case.
Strength depends upon material properties. The strength of a material depends on its capacity to withstand axial stress, shear stress, bending, and torsion.The strength of a material is measured in force per unit area (newtons per square millimetre or N/mm², or the equivalent megapascals or MPa in the SI system and often pounds per square inch psi in the United States Customary Units system).
ASTM A325 is an ASTM International standard for heavy hex structural bolts, titled Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength. It defines mechanical properties for bolts that range from 1 ⁄ 2 to 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches (13 to 38 mm) in diameter. [1]
Any tensile loads applied to these joints, usually have a secondary effect, but they can reduce available shear strength of the bolt. A clevis linkage, which relies on a locking mechanism (like lock washers, thread adhesives, and lock nuts), is a bearing type shear joint.
ASTM A490 and ASTM A490M are ASTM International standards for heavy hex structural bolts made from alloy steel.The imperial standard is officially titled Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, while the metric standard (M) is titled Standard Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural ...
As shown later in this article, at the onset of yielding, the magnitude of the shear yield stress in pure shear is √3 times lower than the tensile yield stress in the case of simple tension. Thus, we have: = where is tensile yield strength of the material. If we set the von Mises stress equal to the yield strength and combine the above ...
The formula to calculate average shear stress τ or force per unit area is: [1] =, where F is the force applied and A is the cross-sectional area.. The area involved corresponds to the material face parallel to the applied force vector, i.e., with surface normal vector perpendicular to the force.