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Aortic regurgitation (AR), also known as aortic insufficiency (AI), is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. As a consequence, the cardiac muscle is forced to work harder than normal.
Lincoln sign is the medical sign consisting of excessive popliteal artery pulsation due to hemodynamic effects of aortic regurgitation. [1] This sign is associated with Marfan syndrome , in which aortic root dilation and aortic incompetence are common features.
Regurgitation in or near the heart is often caused by valvular insufficiency (insufficient function, with incomplete closure, of the heart valves); for example, aortic valve insufficiency causes regurgitation through that valve, called aortic regurgitation, and the terms aortic insufficiency and aortic regurgitation are so closely linked as ...
Watson's water hammer pulse, also known as Corrigan's pulse or collapsing pulse, is the medical sign (seen in aortic regurgitation) which describes a pulse that is bounding and forceful, [1] rapidly increasing and subsequently collapsing, [2] as if it were the sound of a water hammer that was causing the pulse.
Aortic stenosis is most commonly caused by age-related progressive calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) (>50% of cases), with a mean age of 65 to 70 years. CAVD is the build-up of calcium on the cusps of the valve, and this calcification causes hardening and stenosis of the valve. [ 22 ]
Aortic valve repair or aortic valve reconstruction is the reconstruction of both form and function of a dysfunctional aortic valve. Most frequently it is used for the treatment of aortic regurgitation. [1] It can also become necessary for the treatment of aortic aneurysm, less frequently for congenital aortic stenosis.
Takayasu's arteritis (TA), also known as aortic arch syndrome, nonspecific aortoarteritis, and pulseless disease, [2] is a form of large vessel granulomatous vasculitis [3] with massive intimal fibrosis and vascular narrowing, most commonly affecting young or middle-aged women of Asian descent, though anyone can be affected.
Duroziez's sign is a sign of aortic insufficiency. [1] It consists of an audible diastolic murmur which can be heard over the femoral artery when it is compressed with the bell of a stethoscope. [ 1 ]
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