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Winemaking. Wine grapes from the Guadalupe Valley in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. Winemaking, wine-making, or vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine -making stretches over millennia.
Wine production in 2014 [1] Wines are produced in significant growing regions where vineyards are planted. Wine grapes mostly grow between the 30th and the 50th degree of latitude, in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, typically in regions of Mediterranean climate. Grapes will sometimes grow beyond this range, thus minor amounts of ...
Wine grapes on Long Island. A vineyard in Brhlovce, Slovakia. Viticulture (Latin: vitis cultura, " vine -growing"), [1] viniculture (vinis cultura, " wine -growing"), [2] or winegrowing[3] is the cultivation and harvesting of grapes. It is a branch of the science of horticulture. While the native territory of Vitis vinifera, the common grape ...
The process of fermentation in winemaking turns grape juice into an alcoholic beverage. During fermentation, yeasts transform sugars present in the juice into ethanol and carbon dioxide (as a by-product). In winemaking, the temperature and speed of fermentation are important considerations as well as the levels of oxygen present in the must at ...
Vitis vinifera. L. Vitis vinifera, the common grape vine, is a species of flowering plant, native to the Mediterranean region, Central Europe, and southwestern Asia, from Morocco and Portugal north to southern Germany and east to northern Iran. [2] As of 2012, there were between 5,000 and 10,000 varieties of Vitis vinifera grapes though only a ...
The stage of fruit set follows flowering almost immediately, when the fertilized flower begins to develop a seed and grape berry to protect the seed. In the Northern Hemisphere, this normally takes place in May and in the Southern Hemisphere in November. [1] This stage is very critical for wine production since it determines the potential crop ...
The role of yeast in winemaking is the most important element that distinguishes wine from fruit juice. In the absence of oxygen, yeast converts the sugars of the fruit into alcohol and carbon dioxide through the process of fermentation. [1] The more sugars in the grapes, the higher the potential alcohol level of the wine if the yeast are ...
Tuscan Chianti in a traditional fiasco. Italian wine (Italian: vino italiano) is produced in every region of Italy.Italy is the country with the widest variety of indigenous grapevine in the world, [1] [2] with an area of 702,000 hectares (1.73 million acres) under vineyard cultivation, [3] as well as the world's second largest wine producer and the largest exporter as of 2023.