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Karen Horney (/ ˈhɔːrnaɪ /; [ 3 ][ 4 ] née Danielsen; 16 September 1885 – 4 December 1952) was a German psychoanalyst who practiced in the United States during her later career. Her theories questioned some traditional Freudian views. This was particularly true of her theories of sexuality and of the instinct orientation of psychoanalysis.
Gordon Willard Allport (November 11, 1897 – October 9, 1967) was an American psychologist. Allport was one of the first psychologists to focus on the study of the personality, and is often referred to as one of the founding figures of personality psychology. [1] He contributed to the formation of values scales and rejected both a ...
The four temperament theory is a proto-psychological theory which suggests that there are four fundamental personality types: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic. [ 2 ][ 3 ] Most formulations include the possibility of mixtures among the types where an individual's personality types overlap and they share two or more temperaments.
Personality is complex; a typical theory of personality contains several propositions or sub-theories, often growing over time as more psychologists explore the theory. [ 9 ] The most widely accepted empirical model of durable, universal personality descriptors is the system of Big Five personality traits : conscientiousness , agreeableness ...
Some diseases cause changes in personality. For example, although gradual memory impairment is the hallmark feature of Alzheimer's disease, a systematic review of personality changes in Alzheimer's disease by Robins Wahlin and Byrne, published in 2011, found systematic and consistent trait changes mapped to the Big Five. The largest change ...
Francis Aveling, King's College London. Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. [1][2] His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic ...
Johns Hopkins University University of Tulsa Hogan Assessment Systems. Robert Hogan (born September 4, 1937) is an American personality psychologist and organizational psychologist known for developing socioanalytic theory, [ 1 ] which fuses psychoanalytic theory, role theory, and evolutionary theory. Hogan is the president of Hogan Assessment ...
Lexical hypothesis. In personality psychology, the lexical hypothesis[1] (also known as the fundamental lexical hypothesis, [2] lexical approach, [3] or sedimentation hypothesis[4]) generally includes two postulates: 1. Those personality characteristics that are important to a group of people will eventually become a part of that group's language.