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The Muslim population in Europe is extremely diverse with varied histories and origins. [4] [5] [6] Today, the Muslim-majority regions of Europe include several countries in the Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and the European part of Turkey), some Russian republics in the North Caucasus and the Idel-Ural region, and the European part of Kazakhstan.
Zakat is the Arabic word for "Giving to Charity" or "Giving to the Needy". [ a ][ 3 ] Zakat is a form of almsgiving, often collected by the Muslim Ummah. [ 1 ] It is considered in Islam a religious obligation, [ 4 ][ 5 ] and by Quranic ranking, is next after prayer (salat) in importance. [ 6 ] Eight heads of zakat are mentioned in the Quran.
During the High Middle Ages, the Islamic world was an important contributor to the global cultural scene, innovating and supplying information and ideas to Europe, via Al-Andalus, Sicily and the Crusader kingdoms in the Levant. These included Latin translations of the Greek Classics and of Arabic texts in astronomy, mathematics, science, and ...
Learned Muslim captives played a very important role in the spread of Arabic science and philosophy over the Christian world. [22] The liberation of Muslim slaves was a state affair and elevated the popular esteem of the sovereign government. Muslim slaves were either freed or exchanged through special legislation and international treaties. [23]
Islam is the second largest religion in the Netherlands, after Christianity, and is practised by 5% of the population according to 2018 estimates. [2] The majority of Muslims in the Netherlands belong to the Sunni denomination. [3] Many reside in the country's four major cities: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht.
The term Muslim Europe is used for the predominantly Muslim countries of Europe, including Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Turkey, Kosovo, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan.As well as Muslim majority regions in Europe, including western parts of North Macedonia, Sandžak region within Serbia and Montenegro, Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria, [1] and many Muslim majority republics within Russia such as ...
Islamic taxes include. zakat - one of the five pillars of Islam. Only imposed on Muslims, it is generally described as a 2.5% tax on savings to be donated to the Muslim poor and needy. [1][2] It was a tax collected by the Islamic state. kharaj - a land tax initially imposed only on non-Muslims but soon after mandated for Muslims as well.
Europe. Oceania. Islam portal. v. t. e. Islam is a minority religion in France that is followed by around 3 million to 5.7 million people in France, which is around 4% to 10% of the nation's population. [5][6][7][8] In 2023, Muslims made up 10% of the French adult population, according to INSEE. [8]