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2.74 million (2015) [ 2 ] Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a term often used as a synonym for pneumonia but can also be applied to other types of infection including lung abscess and acute bronchitis. Symptoms include shortness of breath, weakness, fever, coughing and fatigue. [ 3 ] A routine chest X-ray is not always necessary for ...
Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is a term referring to one of two types of mast cell activation disorder (MCAD); the other type is idiopathic MCAD. [1] MCAS is an immunological condition in which mast cells inappropriately and excessively release chemical mediators, resulting in a range of chronic symptoms, sometimes including anaphylaxis or near-anaphylaxis attacks.
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs. [ 4 ] It is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and easily triggered bronchospasms. [ 9 ][ 10 ] Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. [ 3 ]
An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. [ 3 ][ 4 ] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold. [ 5 ...
Acute severe asthma, also known as status asthmaticus, is an acute exacerbation of asthma that does not respond to standard treatments of bronchodilators (inhalers) and corticosteroids. [2] Asthma is caused by multiple genes , some having protective effect, with each gene having its own tendency to be influenced by the environment although a ...
High incidences of coexisting inflammatory disorders suggest a correlation between connective tissue disorders and the development of such aforementioned conditions. Inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease , ulcerative colitis [ 73 ] and celiac disease [ 74 ] are more common in EDS patients when compared to control groups.
Allergic rhinitis, of which the seasonal type is called hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose that occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air. [ 6 ] Signs and symptoms include a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, red, itchy, and watery eyes, and swelling around the eyes. [ 1 ] The fluid from the nose is usually ...
Brittle asthma. Brittle asthma is a type of asthma distinguishable from other forms by recurrent, severe attacks. [1][2][3] There are two subtypes divided by symptoms: Type 1 and Type 2, [4] depending on the stability of the patient's maximum speed of expiration, or peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Type 1 is characterized by a maintained wide ...