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The Votronic, from 1965, was the first optical mark vote tabulator able to sense marks made with a graphite pencil. [1] The oldest optical-scan voting systems scan ballots using optical mark recognition scanners. Voters mark their choice in a voting response location, usually filling a rectangle, circle or oval, or by completing an arrow.
Counting ballots by an optical scanner, San Jose, California, 2018. In an optical scan voting system, or marksense, each voter's choices are marked on one or more pieces of paper, which then go through a scanner. The scanner creates an electronic image of each ballot, interprets it, creates a tally for each candidate, and usually stores the ...
1964: The Norden-Coleman optical scan voting system, the first such system to see actual use, was adopted for use in Orange County, California. [221] 1974: The Video Voter, the first DRE voting machine used in a government election, developed by the Frank Thornber Company in Chicago, Illinois, saw its first trial use in 1974 near Chicago. [222]
Hart InterCivic Inc. is a privately held United States company that provides election technologies and services to government jurisdictions. Headquartered in Austin, Texas, Hart products are used by hundreds of jurisdictions nationwide, including counties in Texas, the entire states of Hawaii and Oklahoma, half of Washington and Colorado, and certain counties in Michigan, [1] Ohio, California ...
How much did the new voting equipment cost? In December 2022, the Portage County Board approved $879,115 for an electronic universal voting system to be allocated out of local recovery funds made ...
A Dominion ImageCast precinct-count optical-scan voting machine, mounted on a collapsible ballot box made by ElectionSource. Dominion Voting Systems Corporation was founded in 2002 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, by John Poulos and James Hoover, [27] and was incorporated on January 14, 2003. [28]
This led Eugene Cummings to file for a patent in 2003 on a machine that became the AutoMARK. [17] This machine has a touch screen, tactile keyboard, and headphone jack, as well as support for several other assistive devices, and it records votes on ballots used by several widely used optical scan voting systems. [18]
Whether it is a DRE or an optical scan machine, the opportunity for tampering applies to persons with inside access (including government workers) and to a lesser extent, outside hackers. Therefore, framing election tampering issues as "hacking" may not be an accurate framework for public concerns.