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States and union territories of India by the spoken first language [1] [note 1]. The Republic of India is home to several hundred languages.Most Indians speak a language belonging to the families of the Indo-Aryan branch of Indo-European (c. 77%), the Dravidian (c. 20.61%), the Austroasiatic (precisely Munda and Khasic) (c. 1.2%), or the Sino-Tibetan (precisely Tibeto-Burman) (c. 0.8%), with ...
As of 2001 census, Tamil is spoken as the first language by 88.59% of the population followed by Telugu by 5.65 percent, Kannada by 2.68 percent, Urdu by 1.51 per cent, Hindi by 0.64 percent, Malayalam by 0.89 percent, Marathi by 0.1 percent and Saurashtra by 0.1 percent.
The Constitution of India designates the official languages of India as Hindi and English. [1] The number of bilingual speakers in India is 314.9 million, which is 26% of the population in 2011. [ 2 ]
[127] [128] On 14 January 1969, Madras state was renamed Tamil Nadu, meaning "Tamil country". [ 129 ] [ 130 ] In 1965, Tamils agitated against the imposition of Hindi and in support of continuing English as a medium of communication which eventually led to English being retained as an official language of India alongside Hindi. [ 131 ]
Chennai, along with Mumbai, Delhi and Kolkata, is one of the few Indian cities that are home to a diverse population of ethno-religious communities. [2] According to the 2011 census Chennai then had a total population of 67,48,026 at a density of 15,840 per square kilometre spanning across an area of 426 km²; the sex ratio was 1025 and literacy rate was 90.33%. [3]
The Hindi-belt, including Hindi-related languages such as Rajasthani and Bhojpuri In the 2001 census , 422 million (422,048,642) people in India reported Hindi to be their native language. [ 92 ] This figure not only included Hindi speakers of Hindustani , but also people who identify as native speakers of related languages who consider their ...
[10] [11] In 2017 its population growth rate was 0.98%, ranking 112th in the world; in contrast, from 1972 to 1983, India's population grew by an annual rate of 2.3%. [ 12 ] In 2023, the median age of an Indian was 29.5 years, [ 13 ] compared to 39.8 for China and 49.5 for Japan; and, by 2030; India's dependency ratio will be just over 0.4. [ 14 ]
Tamil Nadu (/ ˌ t æ m ɪ l ˈ n ɑː d uː /; Tamil: [ˈtamiɻ ˈnaːɽɯ] ⓘ, abbr. TN) is the southernmost state of India.The tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population, Tamil Nadu is the home of the Tamil people, who speak the Tamil language—the state's official language and one of the longest surviving classical languages of the world.