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Efavirenz (EFV), sold under the brand names Sustiva among others, is an antiretroviral medication used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS. [1] It is generally recommended for use with other antiretrovirals. [1]
In some cases, diarrhea may be a side effect of several drugs used to treat HIV, or it may simply accompany HIV infection, particularly during primary HIV infection. It may also be a side effect of antibiotics used to treat bacterial causes of diarrhea (common for Clostridioides difficile). In the later stages of HIV infection, diarrhea is ...
Common side effects include headache, feeling tired, nausea, diarrhea, and fever. [3] Severe side effects may include bone marrow suppression, muscle damage, worsening of hepatitis B if previously infected, high blood lactate and liver enlargement. [2] [4] It may be part of a recommended treatment during pregnancy. [2]
The most commonly reported side effects due to use of tenofovir disoproxil were dizziness, nausea, and diarrhea. [13] Other adverse effects include depression, sleep disturbances, headache, itching, rash, and fever. The US boxed warning cautions potential onset of lactic acidosis or liver damage due to use of tenofovir disoproxil. [14]
Many factors may contribute to depression in adults living with HIV, such as the effects of the virus on the brain, other infections or tumours, antiretroviral drugs and other medical treatment. [74] Rates of major depression are higher in people living with HIV compared to the general population, and this may negatively influence ...
Severe side effects may include allergic reactions including Stevens–Johnson syndrome, muscle breakdown, and liver problems. [6] It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [6] Raltegravir is an HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitor which blocks the functioning of HIV integrase which is needed for viral replication. [6]
Common side effects of ritonavir include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and numbness of the hands and feet. [8] Serious side effects include liver complications, pancreatitis, allergic reactions, and arrhythmias. [8] Serious interactions may occur with a number of other medications including amiodarone and simvastatin. [8]
Nelfinavir, sold under the brand name Viracept, is an antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS.Nelfinavir belongs to the class of drugs known as protease inhibitors (PIs) and like other PIs is almost always used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs.