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  2. Down syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndrome

    Trisomy 21. Down syndrome (also known by the karyotype 47,XX,+21 for females and 47,XY,+21 for males) [98] is mostly caused by a failure of the 21st chromosome to separate during egg or sperm development, known as nondisjunction. [91] As a result, a sperm or egg cell is produced with an extra copy of chromosome 21; this cell thus has 24 ...

  3. Alzheimer's disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer's_disease

    The first symptoms are often mistakenly attributed to aging or stress. [34] Detailed neuropsychological testing can reveal mild cognitive difficulties up to eight years before a person fulfills the clinical criteria for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. [35] These early symptoms can affect the most complex activities of daily living. [36]

  4. Down syndrome research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndrome_research

    Trisomy 21 entails an increased risk of many chronic diseases that are typically associated with older age such as an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The clinical manifestations of accelerated aging suggest that trisomy 21 increases the biological age of tissues, but molecular evidence for this hypothesis has been sparse.

  5. Epigenetic clock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetic_clock

    The clinical manifestations of accelerated aging suggest that trisomy 21 increases the biological age of tissues, but molecular evidence for this hypothesis has been sparse. According to the epigenetic clock, trisomy 21 significantly increases the age of blood and brain tissue (on average by 6.6 years). [54]

  6. Study detects early Alzheimer's 'stealth' phase before ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/study-detects-early-alzheimers...

    A new study distinguishes between two distinct phases of Alzheimer's disease: an early, 'stealth' one without symptoms, and a second phase that aggressively damages the brain.

  7. Chromosome 21 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_21

    CM000683 (FASTA) Chromosome 21 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Chromosome 21 is both the smallest human autosome and chromosome, [4] with 46.7 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) representing about 1.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. Most people have two copies of chromosome 21, while those with three copies of ...

  8. The 7 Stages of Dementia: What They Are & What To Expect - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/7-stages-dementia-expect...

    Pre-dementia or early-stage dementia (stages 1, 2, and 3). In this initial phase, a person can still live independently and may not exhibit obvious memory loss or have any difficulty completing ...

  9. A mom of 3 learned she had mosaic Down syndrome through ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/mom-3-learned-she-had...

    Trisomy 21, one of the three types of Down syndrome, indicates that an individual has a duplicate of chromosome 21. The extra chromosome changes how one’s brain and body develop, and can lead to ...

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