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  2. CRISPR gene editing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR_gene_editing

    CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing techniques have many potential applications. The use of the CRISPR-Cas9-gRNA complex for genome editing [10] was the AAAS's choice for Breakthrough of the Year in 2015. [11] Many bioethical concerns have been raised about the prospect of using CRISPR for germline editing, especially in human embryos. [12]

  3. Cas9 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas9

    The CRISPR-CAS9 system has the ability to either upregulate or downregulate genes. The dCas9 proteins are a component of the CRISPR-CAS9 system and these proteins can repress certain areas of a plant gene. This happens when dCAS9 binds to repressor domains, and in the case of the plants, deactivation of a regulatory gene such as AtCSTF64, does ...

  4. CRISPR - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR

    Developed from a natural defense mechanism found in bacteria, CRISPR-Cas9 is the most commonly used system. Gene editing with CRISPR-Cas9 involves a Cas9 nuclease and an engineered guide RNA, which come together to allow for the precise "cutting" of one or both strands of DNA at specific locations within the genome. [179]

  5. Transcription activator-like effector nuclease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_activator...

    The restriction enzymes can be introduced into cells, for use in gene editing or for genome editing in situ, a technique known as genome editing with engineered nucleases. Alongside zinc finger nucleases and CRISPR/Cas9, TALEN is a prominent tool in the field of genome editing.

  6. Guide RNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guide_RNA

    The cas9 complex, illustrating the gRNA, PAM and the double-stranded break induced in the target DNA. CRISPR (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 is a technique used for gene editing and gene therapy. Cas is an endonuclease enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific location directed by a guide RNA.

  7. CRISPR/Cas tools - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR/Cas_Tools

    CRISPR-Cas design tools are computer software platforms and bioinformatics tools used to facilitate the design of guide RNAs (gRNAs) for use with the CRISPR/Cas gene editing system. CRISPR-Cas [ edit ]

  8. Genetic engineering techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering_techniques

    It is far less effective at gene correction. Methods of base editing are under development in which a “nuclease-dead” Cas 9 endonuclease or a related enzyme is used for gene targeting while a linked deaminase enzyme makes a targeted base change in the DNA. [69] The most recent refinement of CRISPR-Cas9 is called Prime Editing.

  9. Site-directed mutagenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site-directed_mutagenesis

    Site-directed mutagenesis is a molecular biology method that is used to make specific and intentional mutating changes to the DNA sequence of a gene and any gene products. Also called site-specific mutagenesis or oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis , it is used for investigating the structure and biological activity of DNA , RNA , and protein ...

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