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Fool's mate was named and described in The Royal Game of Chess-Play, a 1656 text by Francis Beale that adapted the work of the early chess writer Gioachino Greco. [2]Prior to the mid-19th century, there was not a prevailing convention as to whether White or Black moved first; according to Beale, the matter was to be decided in some prior contest or decision of the players' choice. [3]
A variant first described by Claude Shannon provides an argument about the game-theoretic value of chess: he proposes allowing the move of “pass”. In this variant, it is provable with a strategy stealing argument that the first player has at least a draw thus: if the first player has a winning move in the initial position, let him play it, else pass.
Staunton style chess pieces. Left to right: king, rook, queen, pawn, knight, bishop. The rules of chess (also known as the laws of chess) govern the play of the game of chess. Chess is a two-player abstract strategy board game. Each player controls sixteen pieces of six types on a chessboard. Each type of piece moves in a distinct way.
f7 (following move 1), e5 (move 4), d7 (move 6), c5 (move 13), and b7 (move 14) In this position, White has completed phase 1, driving the black king to the h8-corner. Since White has a light-squared bishop, the knight must be used to control the dark squares on the 8th rank, forcing the black king to the h1-square.
In chess, there is a consensus among players and theorists that the player who makes the first move has an inherent advantage, albeit not one large enough to win with perfect play. This has been the consensus since at least 1889, when the first World Chess Champion , Wilhelm Steinitz , addressed the issue, although chess has not been solved .
Traditionally, it has been common for players to agree to a "grandmaster draw" after playing about 10–15 moves of known opening theory and making no serious effort to win. This is usually done to preserve energy in a tournament, after a devastating loss in the previous round of the tournament, or in the final round when no prize money is at ...
The chess endgame with a king and a pawn versus a king is one of the most important and fundamental endgames, other than the basic checkmates. [1] It is an important endgame for chess players to master, since most other endgames have the potential of reducing to this type of endgame via exchanges of pieces.
Handicaps (or "odds") in chess are handicapping variants which enable a weaker player to have a chance of winning against a stronger one. There are a variety of such handicaps, such as material odds (the stronger player surrenders a certain piece or pieces), extra moves (the weaker player has an agreed number of moves at the beginning of the game), extra time on the chess clock, and special ...