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Most Muslims, on the other hand, believe God is separate and distinct from his creation. [5] Islam believes that Muhammad was the last prophet, to whom the Quran was revealed by God in the 7th century CE. Sikhism was founded in the 15th century CE by Guru Nanak. Guru Granth Sahib is the scripture followed by Sikhs as "The Living Guru". [6] [7]
The field is seen as beginning around the mid-20th century, during the time of the partition of the Indian subcontinent into two domains: Pakistan and India. [1] Literature in European languages regarding Sikhs and Sikhism has existed since the 18th century but the institutional environment did not exist at that period to further these inquiries and attempts into a proper field of study. [1]
Islam holds the Quran is the final revelation from God and a completion of all previous revelations, including the Bible. Mandaeism , sometimes also known as Sabianism (after the mysterious Sabians mentioned in the Quran , a name historically claimed by several religious groups), [ 21 ] is a Gnostic and monotheistic religion.
Detail from a miniature painting of Guru Hargobind with an attendant. The Guru holding a staff in one hand and mala prayer beads in another representz the Sikh concept of miri-piri, with the staff representing temporality and the beads representing spirituality
Parganas, 'ilaqa, and ta'alluqa administrative divisions of Sikh polities tended to much smaller scale in-size compared to the Mughal administrative system and more numerous. [14] An example of this is the Gujranwala district, which consisted of twenty-six ta'alluqas during Sikh-rule but three or four parganas during Mughal-rule. [ 14 ]
Islam is the second largest religion in Asia with about 1.2 billion adherents. [ 53 ] [ 54 ] Asia constitute in absolute terms the world's Muslim population . [ 55 ] South and Southeast Asia are home of the most populous Muslim countries, with Indonesia , Pakistan , India , Bangladesh and Malaysia having more than 100 million adherents.
The following outline is provides an overview of Sikhism, or Sikhi (its endonym). Sikhism has been described as being either a panentheistic or monotheistic religion—emphasizing universal selflessness and brotherhood—founded in the 15th century upon the teachings of Guru Nanak and the ten succeeding Gurus .
After four months, the Sikhs inside ran out of supplies. Jassa Singh contacted them, joined their side, and, with the help of Divan Kaura Mal, lifted the siege. [184] The fort was then strengthened and renamed Ramgarh, and Jassa Singh, now the fort's Jathedar, became known as Ramgarhia.