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Among the ankylosaurids, Euoplocephalus was exceeded in size only by Ankylosaurus, and perhaps Tarchia and Cedarpelta. Euoplocephalus was about 5.3 metres (17 ft) long and weighed about 2 metric tons (2.2 short tons). [1] Like other ankylosaurids, it had a very broad and flat low-slung torso, about four feet high, positioned on four short legs.
Ankylosaurus is considered part of the subfamily Ankylosaurinae (members of which are called ankylosaurines) within Ankylosauridae. [20] Ankylosaurus appears to be most closely related to Anodontosaurus and Euoplocephalus. [21] The following cladogram is based on a 2015 phylogenetic analysis of the Ankylosaurinae conducted by Arbour and Currie ...
Euoplocephalus tutus: CMN 0210 [67] Canadian Museum of Nature: Campanian: Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta: Partial skull and numerous osteoderms [67] Originally named Stereocephalus before it was discovered that that genus was already occupied, has also been referred to the nomen dubium Paleoscincus as well as to Ankylosaurus [67] [68]
Ankylosaurinae is formally defined in the PhyloCode as "the largest clade containing Ankylosaurus magniventris, but not Shamosaurus scutatus". [2] [3] [4] The tribe Ankylosaurini is defined in the PhyloCode as "the largest clade containing Ankylosaurus magniventris, but not Pinacosaurus grangeri and Saichania chulsanensis".
Ankylosauria is a group of herbivorous dinosaurs of the clade Ornithischia.It includes the great majority of dinosaurs with armor in the form of bony osteoderms, similar to turtles.
Ankylosauridae (/ ˌ æ ŋ k ɪ l oʊ ˈ s ɔː r ɪ d iː /) is a family of armored dinosaurs within Ankylosauria, and is the sister group to Nodosauridae.The oldest known ankylosaurids date to around 122 million years ago and went extinct 66 million years ago during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. [1]
Nodosaurinae is defined as the largest clade containing Nodosaurus textilis but not Hylaeosaurus armatus, Mymoorapelta maysi, or Polacanthus foxii, and was formally defined in 2021 by Madzia and colleagues, who utilized the name of Othenio Abel in 1919, who created the term to unite Ankylosaurus, Hierosaurus and Stegopelta.
In 2013, Victoria Megan Arbour and Philip Currie continued to refer AMNH 5337 (and AMNH 5403) to Euoplocephalus, suggesting that differences from other skulls referred to Euoplocephalus could be due to changes occurring with growth and development. [2] They also noted that AMNH 5337 differed from Scolosaurus and Dyoplosaurus in the pelvic region.