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The Hamburg Sign Language Notation System (HamNoSys) is a transcription system for all sign languages (including American sign language). It has a direct correspondence between symbols and gesture aspects, such as hand location, shape and movement. [1] It was developed in 1984 at the University of Hamburg, Germany. [2]
German Sign Language (German: Deutsche Gebärdensprache, DGS) is the sign language of the deaf community in Germany, Luxembourg [2] and in the German-speaking community of Belgium [citation needed]. It is unclear how many use German Sign Language as their main language; Gallaudet University estimated 50,000 as of 1986. The language has evolved ...
For sign language translation, SignWriting text is a useful abstraction layer between video and the natural language processing of sign language. [26] The usefulness of SignWriting in natural language processing was validated with a new method of machine translation that has achieved over 30 BLEU.
These include school sign, such as Nicaraguan Sign Language, which develop in the student bodies of deaf schools which do not use sign as a language of instruction, as well as community languages such as Bamako Sign Language, which arise where generally uneducated deaf people congregate in urban centers for employment. At first, Deaf-community ...
Swiss-German Sign Language (German: Deutschschweizer Gebärdensprache, abbreviated DSGS) is the primary deaf sign language of the German-speaking part of Switzerland and of Liechtenstein. The language was established around 1828. [2] In 2011 it was estimated that 7,500 deaf and 13,000 hearing people use DSGS. [3]
(a.k.a. Bali Sign Language, Benkala Sign Language) Laotian Sign Language (related to Vietnamese languages; may be more than one SL) Korean Sign Language (KSDSL) Japanese "한국수어 (or 한국수화)" / "Hanguk Soo-hwa" Korean standard sign language – manually coded spoken Korean. Macau Sign Language: Shanghai Sign Language "澳門手語 ...
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In Germany, Signed German, known in German as Lautsprachbegleitende Gebärden or Lautbegleitende Gebärden (LBG, "Speech-accompanying signs"), is a manually coded form of German that uses the signs of German Sign Language. It is used as a bridge to the German language in education and for simultaneous translation from German, not as a natural ...