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NSF did not monitor the content of traffic that was sent over NSFNET or actively police the use of the network. Further, NSF did not require Merit or the regional networks to do so. NSF, Merit, and the regional networks did investigate possible cases of inappropriate use, when such use was brought to their attention. [31]
The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) was established by the National Science Foundation Act of 1950. [7] Its stated mission is "to promote the progress of science, to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare, and to secure the national defense."
An in-kind contribution is a non-cash contribution of goods or a service. Those are either offered free or at less than usual charge for them. [2] Similarly, when a person or entity pays for services on the committee’s behalf, the payment is also considered as an in-kind contribution.
Gifts in kind, also referred to as in-kind donations, is a kind of charitable giving in which, instead of giving money to buy needed goods and services, the goods and services themselves are given. Gifts in kind are distinguished from gifts of cash or stock. Some types of gifts in kind are appropriate, but others are not. [1]
The Contributor Roles Taxonomy, commonly known as CRediT, is a controlled vocabulary of types of contributions to a research project. [1] CRediT is commonly used by scientific journals to provide an indication of what each contributor to a project did. The CRediT standard includes machine-readable metadata. [2]
In philanthropic giving, foundations and corporations often give money to non-profit entities in the form of a matching gift. [2] Corporate matches often take the form of employee matching gifts, which means that if an employee donates to a nonprofit, the employee's corporation will donate money to the same nonprofit according to a predetermined match ratio (usually 1:1).
Categorical grants, also called conditional grants, are grants issued by the United States Congress which may be spent only for narrowly defined purposes. They are the main source of federal aid to state and local governments and can be used only for specified categories of state and local spending, such as education or roads.
Previously referred to as SMET by the NSF, [12] it is through this manner that NSF was first introduced to the acronym STEM. One of the first NSF projects to use the acronym was STEMTEC, the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math Teacher Education Collaborative at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, which was founded in 1998. [13]